Centromere Tension Measurement in Budding Yeast Mitosis.
Centromere Tension Measurement in Budding Yeast Mitosis.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-0716-1904-9_15
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发表时间：
2022
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在芽殖酵母有丝分裂期间，复制的染色体在中期有丝分裂纺锤体的中心对齐，并且着丝粒被有丝分裂纺锤体内产生的力拉伸。为了响应这些拉伸力，机械张力在着丝粒染色质中建立。这种张力的大小被细胞检测到，以发出姐妹染色体的附着构型的信号：高张力信号将表明姐妹染色体正确地附着在相对的纺锤体两极上，而低张力信号可能表明缺乏双极附着。低张力信号驱动细胞在中期纠正不适当的附着，从而防止后期染色体分离中的潜在错误。在本文中，我们描述了一种显微镜为基础的方法来直接测量着丝粒张力的大小在芽殖酵母中期纺锤体。这种方法的优点是，获得定量张力估计，而不干扰纺锤体和/或染色体结构，并作为细胞通过有丝分裂正常进展。
During budding yeast mitosis, duplicated chromosomes are aligned at the center of the metaphase mitotic spindle, and the centromeres are stretched by forces generated within the mitotic spindle. In response to these stretching forces, mechanical tension builds up in the centromeric chromatin. The magnitude of this tension is detected by the cell to signal the attachment configuration of the sister chromosomes: a high tension signal would indicate that sister chromosomes are properly attached to opposite spindle poles, while a low tension signal could indicate the lack of a bipolar attachment. A low tension signal drives the cell to correct improper attachments in metaphase, thus preventing potential errors in anaphase chromosome segregation. In this paper, we describe a microscopy-based method to directly measure the magnitude of centromere tension in budding yeast metaphase spindles. The advantage of this method is that quantitative tension estimates are obtained without perturbing spindle and/or chromosome structure, and as cells progress normally through mitosis.