Direct laser writing of three-dimensional photonic-crystal templates for telecommunications
Direct laser writing of three-dimensional photonic-crystal templates for telecommunications
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DOI：
10.1038/nmat1155
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发表时间：
2004-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
41.2
通讯作者：
Soukoulis, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deubel, M;Von Freymann, G;Soukoulis, CM
在过去的十年里，人们在光子晶体的设计和制造方面进行了大量的研究工作。这些周期性结构的介质材料可以代表半导体晶体的光学模拟，为实现集成光子学提供了一个新的平台。尽管进行了密集的努力，但用于电信应用的具有近红外频率的光子带隙和内置功能元件的足够高质量的大规模三维光子晶体的廉价制造技术一直难以实现。通过光致抗蚀剂的多光子聚合直接激光写入已经成为一种快速、廉价和灵活地制造用于光子学的纳米结构的技术。1999年，人们研制出了波长为3.9μm的所谓逐层或木堆结构的光子晶体。2002年获得了相应的1.9μm，但重要的面心立方(F.C.C.)对称性被抛弃了。重要的是，电信波长的基本阻带或光子带隙还没有被证明。在这封信中，我们报告了高质量大规模FCC的制造--通过直接激光写入--以及详细的表征。逐层结构，基波阻带范围从1.3到1.7μm。
The past decade has witnessed intensive research efforts related to the design and fabrication of photonic crystals,. These periodically structured dielectric materials can represent the optical analogue of semiconductor crystals, and provide a novel platform for the realization of integrated photonics. Despite intensive efforts, inexpensive fabrication techniques for large-scale three-dimensional photonic crystals of high enough quality, with photonic bandgaps at near-infrared frequencies, and built-in functional elements for telecommunication applications, have been elusive. Direct laser writing by multiphoton polymerization of a photoresist has emerged as a technique for the rapid, cheap and flexible fabrication of nanostructures for photonics. In 1999, so-called layer-by-layer or woodpile photonic crystals were fabricated with a fundamental stop band at 3.9 μm wavelength. In 2002, a corresponding 1.9 μm was achieved, but the important face-centred-cubic (f.c.c.) symmetry was abandoned. Importantly, fundamental stop bands or photonic bandgaps at telecommunication wavelengths have not been demonstrated. In this letter, we report the fabrication—through direct laser writing—and detailed characterization of high-quality large-scale f.c.c. layer-by-layer structures, with fundamental stop bands ranging from 1.3 to 1.7 μm.