Transverse masticatory movements, occlusal orientation, and symphyseal fusion in selenodont artiodactyls
Transverse masticatory movements, occlusal orientation, and symphyseal fusion in selenodont artiodactyls
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偶蹄类动物的横向咀嚼运动、咬合方向和联合融合
DOI：
10.1002/jmor.1051
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
M. Ravosa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Hogue;M. Ravosa
基于对灵长类动物的大量实验工作，两种咀嚼负荷方案已经成为下颌骨联合融合的可能决定因素-背腹剪切和侧向横向弯曲（wishboneing）（Ravosa和Hylander，1994; Hylander等人，1998年，2000年）。然而，最近有人认为，融合不是在咀嚼过程中加强联合，而是在咬合过程中加强联合关节，以促进下颌横向运动（Lieberman和Crompton，2000）。作为这种横向刚度模型的一部分，有人建议，融合联合的类群也应该表现出更多的水平取向的咬合面磨损。使用一系列的单变量和双变量分析，我们测试这三个模型的预测在一个样本的44种月齿偶蹄类。与wishboning和横向刚度模型一致，融合联合（骆驼）的类群具有更多的水平取向的M2和M2咬合面磨损，前后（AP）细长联合，和相对较宽的语料库。相反的背腹剪切模型，骆驼没有相对较深的语料库（由于更大的parasostellular弯曲）。虽然具有骨化联合的分类群具有相对较大的联合横截面积，但这似乎是由于下颌骨的更大横向横向弯曲导致AP联合长度增加的副产品。咀嚼的生物力学理论进一步表明，强度，而不是刚度，是决定联合骨化的关键因素。因此，像灵长类动物，融合在月齿类偶蹄似乎在抵抗增加wishboning应力所产生的强调横向咬合/下颌运动和负荷的功能。J. Morphol. 249：221-241，2001.© 2001 Wiley利斯公司
Based on extensive experimental work on primates, two masticatory loading regimes have emerged as the likely determinants of mandibular symphyseal fusion—dorsoventral shear and lateral transverse bending (wishboning) (Ravosa and Hylander, 1994; Hylander et al., 1998, 2000). Recently, however, it has been argued that, rather than functioning to strengthen the symphysis during mastication, fusion serves to stiffen the symphyseal joint so as to facilitate increased transverse jaw movements during occlusion (Lieberman and Crompton, 2000). As part of this transverse stiffness model, it has been suggested that taxa with fused symphyses should also exhibit more horizontally oriented occlusal wear facets. Using a series of univariate and bivariate analyses, we test predictions of these three models in a sample of 44 species of selenodont artiodactyls. Consistent with the wishboning and transverse stiffness models, taxa with fused symphyses (camelids) have more horizontally oriented M2 and M2 occlusal wear facets, anteroposteriorly (AP) elongate symphyses, and relatively wider corpora. Contrary to the dorsoventral shear model, camelids do not have relatively deeper corpora (due to greater parasagittal bending). While taxa with ossified symphyses have relatively larger symphysis cross‐sectional areas, this appears to be the byproduct of an increase in AP symphysis length due to greater lateral transverse bending of the mandible. Theoretical consideration of the biomechanics of mastication further suggests that strength, not stiffness, is the critical factor in determining symphyseal ossification. Thus, like anthropoid primates, fusion in selenodont artiodactyls appears to function in resisting increased wishboning stresses arising from an emphasis on transverse occlusal/mandibular movements and loads. J. Morphol. 249:221–241, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Ravosa,MJ;Simons,EL
通讯作者：
Simons,EL
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
HYLANDER, WL
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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