Hormonal regulation of maternal behavior in rats: stimulation following treatment with ectopic pituitary grafts plus progesterone.
Hormonal regulation of maternal behavior in rats: stimulation following treatment with ectopic pituitary grafts plus progesterone.
复制标题
大鼠母性行为的激素调节：异位垂体移植物加黄体酮治疗后的刺激。
DOI：
10.1095/biolreprod37.3.518
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Dunckel,PT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bridges,RS;Dunckel,PT
怀孕期间激素分泌的变化有助于刺激分娩时母体行为的发生。迄今为止，研究已经证明雌二醇（E2）似乎是大鼠和其他哺乳动物母性行为激素诱导的必要成分。在本研究中，我们重新评估了E2、孕酮(P)和激素分泌垂体移植物在快速诱导母体行为中的作用，通过测量在缺乏雌激素的情况下暴露于各种P和催乳素分泌异位垂体移植物组合的行为影响。成年垂体切除和未垂体切除的无产大鼠在到达我们实验室后2-3天（治疗第1天）切除卵巢。在实验#1中，实验中，将垂体切除的大鼠植入6个充满p的硅胶胶囊，并在治疗第1天给予2个垂体前叶（AP）腺体，这些腺体移植到肾胶囊下方。对照组给予空白植体和假植体。第11天取出填充p和空白的硅胶胶囊，从第12天开始进行行为测试，每天1次，共11天。经p +垂体移植处理的动物表现出完全母性行为的速度明显快于对照组（中位潜伏期分别为3.0天和7.5天）。在实验#2中，未去垂体的大鼠被分配到三种治疗中的一种。在治疗第1天，一组大鼠接受了6个充满p的硅胶植入物，并在肾囊下移植了2个AP腺。第二组动物接受6个P胶囊并进行假移植，而对照组给予空白植入物并进行假移植。第11天取出填充p和空白的硅胶胶囊，从第12天开始进行行为测试，每天1次，共11天。经p +垂体移植处理的动物表现出完全母性行为的速度明显快于对照组（中位潜伏期分别为3.0天和7.5天）。在实验#2中，未去垂体的大鼠被分配到三种治疗中的一种。在治疗第1天，一组大鼠接受了6个充满p的硅胶植入物，并在肾囊下移植了2个AP腺。第二组动物接受6个P胶囊并进行假移植，而对照组给予空白植入物并进行假移植。在去除P（第11天）和行为测试（第12-22天）后，我们发现给予P +垂体移植的大鼠对母性的反应明显快于其他两组（显示完全母性行为的潜伏期= 1.5天）。在实验#3中，仅测量了移植物暴露对母亲行为的影响。未去垂体的大鼠分为两组：实验雌性大鼠在治疗第1天接受2个APgland移植物，而对照组则是假移植物。行为测试从第12天开始。母性行为不受移植物暴露的单独刺激。这些结果表明，在垂体切除和未垂体切除的雌性大鼠中，暴露于孕酮后再退出并暴露于垂体移植分泌物，即催乳素，可以刺激母体的反应性。
Changes in hormone secretions during pregnancy help to stimulate the onset of maternal behavior at parturition. To date, studies have demonstrated that estradiol (E2) appears to be a necessary component in the hormonal induction of maternal behavior in rats and other mammals. In the present study, we have reevaluated the contribution of E2, progesterone (P), and hormone-secreting pituitary grafts in the rapid induction of maternal behavior by measuring the behavioral effects of exposure to various combinations of P and prolactin-secreting ectopic pituitary grafts in the absence of estrogen. Adult hypophysectomized and nonhypophysectomized nulliparous rats were ovariectomized 2–3 days (Treatment Day 1) after their arrival in our laboratory. In Experiment #1, experimental, hypophysectomized rats were implanted s.c. with 6 P-filled Silastic capsules and given 2 anterior pituitary (AP) glands that were grafted beneath the kidney capsule on Treatment Day 1. Controls were given blank implants and were sham-grafted. P-filled and blank Silastic capsules were removed on Day 11, and behavioral testing was conducted once-a-day beginning on Day 12 for eleven days. Animals treated with P-plus-pituitary grafts displayed full maternal behavior significantly faster than did controls (median latencies of 3.0 and 7.5 days, respectively). In Experiment #2, nonhypophysectomized rats were assigned to one of three treatments. On Treatment Day 1, one group of rats received 6 P-filled Silastic implants and had 2 AP glands grafted under their renal capsules. A second group of animals received 6 P capsules and was sham-grafted, while controls were given blank implants and were sham-grafted.P-filled and blank Silastic capsules were removed on Day 11, and behavioral testing was conducted once-a-day beginning on Day 12 for eleven days. Animals treated with P-plus-pituitary grafts displayed full maternal behavior significantly faster than did controls (median latencies of 3.0 and 7.5 days, respectively). In Experiment #2, nonhypophysectomized rats were assigned to one of three treatments. On Treatment Day 1, one group of rats received 6 P-filled Silastic implants and had 2 AP glands grafted under their renal capsules. A second group of animals received 6 P capsules and was sham-grafted, while controls were given blank implants and were sham-grafted. After P removal (Day 11) and behavioral testing (Days 12–22), it was found that rats given P-plus-pituitary grafts responded maternally significantly faster (latency to show full maternal behavior = 1.5 days) than did either of the other two groups. In Experiment #3, the effects of graft exposure alone on maternal behavior were measured. Nonhypophysectomized rats were divided into two groups: experimental females received 2 APgland grafts on Treatment Day 1, whereas controls were sham-grafted. Behavioral testing began on Day 12. Maternal behavior was not stimulated by graft exposure alone. These results indicate that in both hypophysectomized and nonhypophysectomized female rats, exposure to progesterone followed by its withdrawal in combination with exposure to pituitary graft secretions, i.e., prolactin, can stimulate maternal responsiveness.