A migratory sparrow has personality in winter that is independent of other traits
A migratory sparrow has personality in winter that is independent of other traits
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.06.017
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发表时间：
2021-07-14
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Lyon, Bruce E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Block, Theadora A.;Star, Rachel;Lyon, Bruce E.
小型鸟类在冬季面临的捕食风险和觅食之间的权衡，并从这些权衡可能会产生替代的生活史策略。动物人格与其他生活史策略有相似之处，使用生活史背景来理解人格可以提供有价值的见解。金冠麻雀（Zonotrichia atricapilla）是一种小型候鸟，具有复杂的冬季社会系统，具有高度的场所忠诚度，个体之间的长期社会联系以及由地位徽章介导的竞争。我们询问金冠麻雀是否在冬季表现出个性，这些个性是否在3年内保持一致，以及它们是否与社会和形态特征相关。我们发现，金冠麻雀具有高度可重复的行为，如在圈养行为评估中所测量的，在一个季节内和长达3年的时间内构成了一致的个性，这一时间跨度涵盖了麻雀的平均寿命。虽然存在长期重复性，但不同行为和时间跨度之间的差异很大，测量之间的时间长度并不能预测重复性的大小。麻雀性格的两个基于运动的方面独立于我们测量的特征（优势，地位徽章，大小和年龄）。然而，非歌曲发声（个性的一个可重复的方面）与翅膀的长度和金徽章的大小在某些年份。由于性格与我们测量的社会特征没有密切联系，麻雀性格可能代表一个单独的变异轴，可能与其他冬季生活史参数（如觅食，捕食反应或生存）有关。(c)2021作者由Elsevier Ltd代表动物行为研究协会出版。这是CC BY-NC-ND许可证（http：//www.example.com licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）下的开放获取文章。creativecommons.org/
Small birds in winter face trade-offs between predation risk and foraging, and alternate life-history strategies may arise from these trade-offs. Animal personality shows similarities with alternative life history strategies, and using a life-history context to understand personality can provide valuable insights. Golden-crowned sparrows, Zonotrichia atricapilla, a small migratory bird, have a complex winter social system with high site -fidelity, long-term social associations between individuals and competition mediated by badges of status. We asked whether golden-crowned sparrows show personalities during winter, whether these personalities were consistent over 3 years and whether they correlated with social and morphological traits. We found that golden-crowned sparrows had highly repeatable behaviours, as measured in captive behavioural assessments, constituting personalities consistent within one season and over time for up to 3 years, a time span that covers the average life span of the sparrows. While longterm repeatability was present, it varied considerably among different behaviours and time spans, and length of time between measures did not predict the magnitude of repeatability. Two movement-based aspects of sparrow personality were independent of the traits we measured (dominance, badges of status, size and age). However, nonsong vocalizations (a repeatable aspect of personality) correlated with wing length and gold badge size in some years. Because personality did not strongly link to the social traits we measured, sparrow personality could represent a separate axis of variation that might connect with other winter life-history parameters such as foraging, predation response or survival. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).