Ice nucleation by surrogates of Martian mineral dust: What can we learn about Mars without leaving Earth?

Ice nucleation by surrogates of Martian mineral dust: What can we learn about Mars without leaving Earth?
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火星矿物尘埃替代品的冰成核:在不离开地球的情况下我们可以了解火星什么?

DOI:
10.1002/jgre.20155
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发表时间:
1954
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
L. A. Ladino
L. A. Ladino
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cziczo;S. Garimella;M. Raddatz;K. Hoehler;M. Schnaiter;H. Saathoff;O. Moehler;J. P. D. Abbatt;L. A. Ladino

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水和二氧化碳冰云在火星大气中被观测到,它们是火星水和碳循环的动态部分。许多火星大气模型难以正确预测云,并且由于数据不足,一些模型使用未经测试的简化方法,即云的形成恰好发生在凝结相的饱和点或与陆地卷云相同的条件下。为了解决缺乏数据的问题,我们利用了一个84 m3的云室,用于研究地球大气中的高海拔卷云和极地平流层冰云,并适应火星的条件。使用这个室,我们已经能够在模拟火星的惰性和低压大气中从气溶胶中产生水冰云。在189和215 K之间的温度下,我们研究了与火星上发现的矿物尘埃颗粒相似的成分和大小的云形成。我们表明,这些替代材料成核有效地在较高的温度下,与较小的温度依赖性在饱和度比相对于冰相的~1.1,类似于已经发现的陆地卷云。在温度范围的低端,该饱和度上升到~1.9,这一结果与以前的研究一致。
Water and carbon dioxide ice clouds have been observed in the Martian atmosphere where they are dynamic parts of that planet's water and carbon cycles. Many Martian atmospheric models struggle to correctly predict clouds and, with insufficient data, some use untested simplifications that cloud formation occurs exactly at the saturation point of the condensed phase or at the same conditions as terrestrial cirrus clouds. To address the lack of data, we have utilized an 84 m3cloud chamber built for studies of high altitude cirrus and polar stratospheric ice clouds in the Earth's atmosphere and adapted to Martian conditions. Using this chamber, we have been able to produce water ice clouds from aerosol in an inert and low pressure atmosphere mimicking that of Mars. At temperatures between 189 and 215 K, we investigated cloud formation by mineral dust particulates of a similar composition and size to those found on Mars. We show that these surrogate materials nucleate effectively at the higher temperatures, with minor temperature dependence at saturations ratios with respect to the ice phase of ~1.1, similar to what has been found for terrestrial cirrus. At the lower end of the temperature range, this saturation rises to ~1.9, a result consistent with previous studies.
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期刊:
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