Entangled Sensor-Networks for Dark-Matter Searches
Entangled Sensor-Networks for Dark-Matter Searches
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DOI：
10.1103/prxquantum.3.030333
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发表时间：
2022-09-06
期刊：
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Zhuang, Quntao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brady, Anthony J.;Gao, Christina;Zhuang, Quntao
假设的轴子粒子（质量未知）是暗物质（DM）的主要候选者。许多实验都在寻找具有微波腔的轴子，其中轴子可能会转换成腔光子，导致腔的输出功率略有过剩。最近的工作 [Backes et al., Nature 590, 238 (2021)] 证明，向腔内注入压缩真空可以大大加速轴子搜索。在这里，我们超越并提供了一个理论框架，以在由许多传感器腔组成的网络设置中利用量子压缩的优势。通过形成局部传感器网络，空腔之间的信号可以相干地组合以促进轴子搜索。此外，在通过分裂压缩真空产生的空腔中注入多部分纠缠可以实现全局降噪。我们探索了这种局部纠缠传感器网络的性能优势，该网络既具有轴子信号之间的相干性又具有传感器之间的纠缠。我们的分析与下一代 DM 轴子搜索相关，旨在以最佳方式利用传感器网络和量子资源。最后，我们评估了使用更奇特的量子态——Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) 态的可能性。尽管在理想情况下扫描时间相对于单模压缩状态有恒定因子的改进，但当考虑实际测量方案时，采用 GKP 状态的优势就消失了。
The hypothetical axion particle (of unknown mass) is a leading candidate for dark matter (DM). Many experiments search for axions with microwave cavities, where an axion may convert into a cavity photon, leading to a feeble excess in the output power of the cavity. Recent work [Backes et al., Nature 590, 238 (2021)] has demonstrated that injecting squeezed vacuum into the cavity can substantially accelerate the axion search. Here, we go beyond and provide a theoretical framework to leverage the benefits of quantum squeezing in a network setting consisting of many sensor cavities. By forming a local sensor network, the signals among the cavities can be combined coherently to boost the axion search. Furthermore, injecting multipartite entanglement across the cavities-generated by splitting a squeezed vacuum-enables a global noise reduction. We explore the performance advantage of such a local, entangled sensor network, which enjoys both coherence between the axion signals and entanglement between the sensors. Our analyses are pertinent to next-generation DM-axion searches aiming to leverage a network of sensors and quantum resources in an optimal way. Finally, we assess the possibility of using a more exotic quantum state, the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) state. Despite a constant-factor improvement in the scan time relative to a single-mode squeezed state in the ideal case, the advantage of employing a GKP state disappears when a practical measurement scheme is considered.