Changes of climate and seasonally frozen ground over the past 30 years in Qinghai–Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau, China
Changes of climate and seasonally frozen ground over the past 30 years in Qinghai–Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau, China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.02.003
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发表时间：
2004-08
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Lin Zhao;C. Ping;Daqing Yang;G. Cheng;Yongjian Ding;Shi-yin Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lin Zhao;C. Ping;Daqing Yang;G. Cheng;Yongjian Ding;Shi-yin Liu
利用青藏高原50个气象站近30年来的气温、0 cm地温、降水和冻土深度资料，分析了青藏高原气候和季节冻土的变化。以各站的纬度、经度、海拔、年平均气温、年降水量和最大冻结深度为指标，采用聚类分析方法对各站进行分组。50个台站被分为四个集群，分布在QTP的不同区域。青藏高原东北部地区的气候变暖最为显著，且冷季变暖趋势大于暖季。年降水量在青藏高原西北部、内陆和东南部地区呈增加趋势，而在东北部地区呈减少趋势。季节冻土变化最显著的地区是冻土最厚的地区，内陆QTP，然后是东北部和西北部QTP。不同地区的SFG持续时间缩短程度不同。QTP的内陆和东北地区也发生了显著变化。冷季气温是控制SFG变化的主要因子。地表温度的增暖趋势比气温的增暖趋势更显著，且暖季增暖大于冷季增暖。高原夏季风的深度、持续时间和地表温度的变化可能会增强地气之间的热量交换，有利于高原季风的增强。
Air temperature, ground surface temperature (GST; 0 cm at depth), precipitation and freezing depth data at 50 meteorological stations in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) were analyzed to examine changes of climate and seasonally frozen ground (SFG) in the past 30 years. The latitude, longitude, elevation, mean annual air temperature (MAAT), annual precipitation (AP) and maximum freezing depth at each station were used as the criterions to group the stations by the Hierarchical Cluster Analysis method. Fifty stations were grouped into four clusters, which are distributed in different regions of QTP. The most significant climate warming occurred in northeastern QTP, and the warming trend was greater in the cold season than in the warm season. Annual precipitation (AP) increased in the northwestern, inland and southeastern regions of QTP, but decreased in the northeastern QTP. The most significant changes of seasonally frozen ground (SFG) occurred in regions with thickest SFG, i.e., inland QTP, then northeastern and northwestern QTP. The duration of SFG shortened differently in different regions. Significant changes also occurred in the inland and northeastern regions of QTP. The cold season air temperature is the main factor controlling SFG change. The warming trends of ground surface temperatures are more significant than air temperature, and the warm season warming is greater than cold season warming. Changes of SFG depth, duration and surface temperature are likely to enhance heat exchanges between ground and atmosphere, in favor of stronger plateau monsoons.