Treatment of cannabis use disorders: a review of the literature.
Treatment of cannabis use disorders: a review of the literature.
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DOI：
10.1080/10550490701525665
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Levin, Frances R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nordstrom, Benjamin R;Levin, Frances R
大麻是美国使用最广泛的非法药物。尽管有大量的人对大麻有依赖性，但对这种情况的治疗却相对较少关注。本文旨在批判性地回顾现有文献的各种心理和药物治疗大麻依赖。我们开始与早期治疗文献的讨论，主要是从轶事经验和开放的，非对照试验，并通过最近的两个，大型的，随机对照试验的精神疗法治疗大麻依赖。我们的结论是，虽然许多心理疗法已被发现可以有效治疗这种疾病，但除了增加代金券来加强阴性尿液毒理学筛查外，没有发现任何形式的心理疗法比任何其他形式更有效。此外，我们回顾了仅有的两项大麻依赖的临床药物治疗试验以及大麻依赖个体的临床前实验室药物治疗试验。我们还回顾了相关的双重诊断药物治疗试验，并讨论了大麻依赖药物治疗研究的潜在未来方向。
Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States. Despite the fact that there are large numbers of people with cannabis dependence, relatively little attention has been paid to the treatment of this condition. This article seeks to critically review the existing literature about the various psychosocial and pharmacologic treatments of cannabis dependence. We begin with a discussion of the early treatment literature which draws primarily from anecdotal experience and open, uncontrolled trials and proceed through two recent, large, randomized controlled trials of psychotherapies for the treatment of cannabis dependence. We conclude that while a number of psychotherapies have been found to be effective in treating this disorder, with the exception of adding vouchers to reinforce negative urine toxicology screens, no form of psychotherapy has been found to be more effective than any other. In addition, we review the only two clinical pharmacotherapy trials for cannabis dependence as well as the pre-clinical laboratory pharmacotherapy trials in cannabis dependent individuals. We also review pertinent dual-diagnosis pharmacotherapy trials and discuss potential future directions in treatment research for the pharmacotherapy of cannabis dependence.