Microfluidics: Basic issues, applications, and challenges
Microfluidics: Basic issues, applications, and challenges
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DOI：
10.1002/aic.690470602
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kim, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stone, HA;Kim, S
在微米和更小的长度尺度上创建结构和图案的能力已经引发了广泛的科学调查，以及许多用于传输和操纵流体和图案表面的设备的开发。因此，工程范式转向设计，操纵和控制越来越接近分子的长度尺度。这些类型的调查涉及流体，广泛地确定在微流体的主题下，重新点燃了流体动力学的一个经典领域的兴趣：低雷诺数流动。这篇文章的目的是强调微流体研究和发展的一些途径。由于本文的格式有限，不可能广泛引用，但在这一领域具有新颖想法的研究论文正在迅速出现。该研究的一个特别有趣的方面是富有想象力地使用工程、化学和物理来实现具有特定功能的装置。用于流体输送的微流体装置的设计和利用的现代发展已经发现了许多应用，从制药和生物医学的生命科学工业到生物医学的生命科学工业（药物设计、递送和检测、诊断装置）到组合合成的工业应用（例如快速化学分析和高通量筛选）。在医学的其他分支中，非侵入性诊断和手术的新范例通过小型（可能植入或摄入）微型设备实现。作为对生物医学微型器件需求迅速增长的一个例子，生物芯片市场在2000年为4亿美元，预计到2005年将增长五倍（Jain，2000）。用于液体和气体输送的微器件的其他应用领域包括航空航天和汽车工业、微反应工程、印刷和光学应用。使用微流体组件组装的新型电气设备也是技术创新的一个可能领域。AIChE期刊的”Perspectives”专栏中最近的两篇文章提供了其中一些应用的例子（詹森，1999; Larger，2000）。
The ability to create structures and patterns on micron and smaller length scales has triggered a wide range of scientific investigations, as well as the development of many devices to transport and manipulate fluids and pattern surfaces. The engineering paradigm, therefore, turns to design, manipulation, and control on length scales that are increasingly approaching the molecular. These types of investigations involving fluids, broadly identified under the theme of microfluidics, have rekindled interest in a classical area of fluid dynamics: low-Reynolds-numher flows. The objective of this article is to highlight some avenues of research and development in microfluidics. Given the limited format of this article, extensive referencing is not possible, but research papers with novel ideas in this field are appearing at a rapid pace. One particularly interesting aspect of the research is the imaginative use of engineering, chemistry and physics to achieve devices with specific functions.Modern developments in the design and utilization of microfluidic devices for fluid transport have found many applications, ranging from the life sciences industries for pharmaceuticals and biomedicine (drug design, delivery and detection, diagnostic devices) to industrial applications of combinatorial synthesis (such as rapid chemical analyses and high throughput screening). In other branches of medicine, new paradigms for noninvasive diagnostics and surgery are enabled by small (possibly implanted or ingested) microdevices. As an example of the rapidly increasing demand for biomedical microdevices, the biochip market was $400 M in the year 2000 and is expected to increase fivefold by 2005 (Jain, 2000). Other areas of applications for microdevices for the transport of liquids and gases include the aerospace and automotive industries, microreaction engineering, printing, and optical applications. Novel electrical devices assembled using microfluidic components are also a possible area for technological innovation. Two recent articles in the AIChE Journal's" Perspectives" column provide examples of some of these applications (Jensen, 1999; Larger, 2000).