Exploiting Plant Signals in Sustainable Agriculture
Exploiting Plant Signals in Sustainable Agriculture
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-12162-3_12
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bruce, Toby J. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bruce, Toby J. A.
植物对与昆虫或病原体攻击相关的化学信号(信号化学物质)的反应是相应地改变它们的新陈代谢，从而启动或启动防御途径。一旦确定了相关的信号化学物质或类似物，就可以人为地应用这些信号来达到类似的效果。这种植物激活剂农用化学品代表了一种与农化行业传统上使用的部署杀虫剂分子来杀死害虫的完全不同的方法。这些化学物质对病虫害没有直接影响，但上调了植物防御基因，从而提高了植物对攻击的抵抗力。植物激活剂与害虫综合管理(IPM)系统兼容，甚至通过提高植物对植物害虫天敌的吸引力来增强生物防治技术，因为害虫的天敌更喜欢诱导植物。被激活的植物防御特征往往是复杂的，依赖于许多基因的表达，这使得害虫更难适应它们。本章回顾了当前的实践和未来的展望。
Plants respond to chemical signals (semiochemicals) that are associated with insect or pathogen attack by modifying their metabolism accordingly so that defence pathways are switched on or primed. Once the relevant semiochemicals or analogues are identified, these signals can be artificially applied to achieve similar effects. Such plant activator agrochemicals represent an entirely different approach from the one traditionally used by the agrochemical industry of deploying pesticide molecules to kill pests. These chemicals do not have direct effects on pests and diseases but upregulate plant defence genes that increase plant resistance to attack. Plant activators are compatible with integrated pest management (IPM) systems and even enhance biocontrol techniques by promoting plant attractiveness to natural enemies of plant pests, as natural enemies of pests prefer induced plants. The plant defence traits activated are often complex relying on the expression of many genes, which makes it harder for pests to adapt to them. Current practise and future prospects are reviewed in this chapter.