Reward dominance and passive avoidance learning in adolescent psychopaths
Reward dominance and passive avoidance learning in adolescent psychopaths
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00917646
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发表时间：
1990-08
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
A. Scerbo;A. Raine;Mary O'Brien;C. Chan;Cathy Rhee;Norine Smiley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Scerbo;A. Raine;Mary O'Brien;C. Chan;Cathy Rhee;Norine Smiley
这项研究验证了青少年精神病患者对奖励反应过度（Quay，1988）和缺乏被动回避学习（纽曼和科森，1986）的预测。采用聚类分析方法将40名男性少年犯分为精神病患者和非精神病患者。受试者被管理的被动回避学习任务，需要学习时，以回应卡与奖励或惩罚。结果表明，精神病患者对奖励的反应更大，在被动回避错误方面没有组间差异。结果支持这样的观点，即精神病患者往往专注于前景的奖励条件下的混合激励，当有足够的动机，能够提高性能。结合最近的心理生理学研究结果，这些结果表明，青少年精神病患者可能具有潜在的能力，这可能具有治疗意义。
This study tests predictions that adolescent psychopaths are hyperresponsive to rewards (Quay, 1988) and deficient in passive avoidance learning (Newman & Kosson, 1986). Forty male adolescent juvenile offenders were divided into psychopaths and nonpsychopaths using cluster analysis. Subjects were administered a passive avoidance learning task which required learning when to respond to cards associated with either reward or punishment. Results showed a greater responsivity to reward in psychopaths, with no group differences in passive avoidance errors. Results lend support to the view that psychopaths tend to focus on the prospect of reward under conditions of mixed incentives and, when sufficiently motivated, are capable of improved performance. Together with findings of recent psychophysiological studies, these results suggest that adolescent psychopaths may have latent abilities which could have treatment implications.