Does online harassment constitute bullying? An exploration of online harassment by known peers and online-only contacts
Does online harassment constitute bullying? An exploration of online harassment by known peers and online-only contacts
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.08.019
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Finkelhor, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Janis, Wolak J. D.;Mitchell, Kimberly J.;Finkelhor, David
目的：为了阐明在线骚扰的性质以及它可能是欺凌的程度，通过检查被骚扰的青少年，在线骚扰事件和基于在线骚扰者身份的令人痛苦的在线骚扰的特征的差异（已知的同龄人与仅在线联系人）。方法：电话调查的全国代表性样本1500青少年互联网用户，年龄10至17岁，2005年3月至6月进行。结果如下：在过去的一年中，9%（n = 129）的年轻人在网上受到骚扰，43%（n = 56）的人被认识的同龄人骚扰，57%（n = 73）的人被他们在网上认识但不认识的人骚扰。大多数在线骚扰事件似乎不符合学校研究中使用的欺凌标准定义，需要侵略，重复和权力不平衡。只有25%的事件是由已知的同龄人和21%的仅在线联系人发生的，这些事件涉及重复发生的事件，以及对目标的困扰或成人干预。结论：在许多情况下，“欺凌”或“网络欺凌”的概念可能不适合在线人际犯罪。我们建议使用"在线骚扰“，并附带声明，除非它是线下欺凌的一部分或与之相关，否则它不构成欺凌。这将包括完全在网上发生的同龄人犯下的事件，但这些事件源于与学校有关的事件或关系，并对目标产生与学校有关的后果。互联网为传统的校园欺凌扩展到新的场所提供了机会。那些研究传统校园欺凌的人应该在研究，预防和干预范式中包括在线形式的行为。(c)2007年，为青少年医学。All rights reserved.
Purpose: To shed light on the nature of online harassment and the extent to which it may be bullying by examining differences in the characteristics of harassed youth, online harassment incidents, and distressing online harassment based on the identity of online harassers (known peer vs. online-only contact). Methods: A telephone survey of a nationally representative sample of 1500 youth Internet users, ages 10 to 17, conducted between March and June 2005. Results: Nine percent (n 129) of youth were harassed online in the past year, 43% (n = 56) by known peers and 57% (n 73) by people they met online and did not know in person (online-only contacts). Most online harassment incidents did not appear to meet the standard definition of bullying used in school-based research and requiring aggression, repetition, and power imbalance. Only 25% of incidents by known peers and 21% by online-only contacts involved both repeated incidents and either distress to targets or adult intervention. Conclusions: In many cases, the concept of '' bullying '' or '' cyber-bullying '' may be inappropriate for online interpersonal offenses. We suggest using '' online harassment,'' with disclaimers that it does not constitute bullying unless it is part of or related to offline bullying. This would include incidents perpetrated by peers that occur entirely online, but arise from school-related events or relationships and have school-related consequences for targets. The Internet provides opportunities for the extension of conventional school bullying to new venues. Those who study conventional school bullying should include online forms of the behavior in research, prevention, and intervention paradigms. (c) 2007 Society for Adolescent Medicine. All rights reserved.