Perceived consequences underlying approach goals and avoidance goals in relation to anxiety
Perceived consequences underlying approach goals and avoidance goals in relation to anxiety
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DOI：
10.1016/j.paid.2006.06.005
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Dickson, Joanne M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dickson, Joanne M.
许多研究从认知和情感的角度来研究焦虑，但相对较少的研究从动机的角度来研究焦虑。有理论依据（例如，Gray，1982）认为焦虑的特征是高度的回避动机，但这种动机偏见并不认为伴随着减少的接近动机。采用横断面混合模型设计，研究个体对个人接近和回避目标系统的反应差异。一个方便的样本，包括焦虑组（n = 41）和非焦虑组（n = 33）完成的任务，测量自我生成的方法目标和回避目标的数量，以及相关的积极和消极的后果步骤的目标。正如预测的那样，焦虑的个人，相对于非焦虑的个人，产生更多的回避目标和更多的负面后果步骤，以响应目标未实现（无论目标类型），但没有不同的方法目标或积极的后果步骤，以响应目标的实现（无论目标类型）。目前的研究结果突出了个人目标系统在理解焦虑的本质方面的重要性。(c)2006爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Numerous studies have examined anxiety from a cognitive and affective perspective but relatively little research has studied anxiety from a motivational perspective. There are theoretical grounds (e.g., Gray, 1982) for expecting anxiety to be characterised by heightened avoidance motivation, but this motivational bias is not thought to be accompanied by diminished approach motivation. A cross-sectional, mixed model design was used to investigate individuals' response-variations on personal approach and avoidance goal systems. A convenience sample comprising an anxious group (n = 41) and non-anxious group (n = 33) completed tasks that measured number of self-generated approach goals and avoidance goals, and number of associated positive and negative consequence steps for goals. As predicted, anxious individuals, relative to non-anxious individuals, generated more avoidance goals and more negative consequence steps in response to goal non-attainment (irrespective of goal type) but did not differ on number of approach goals or positive consequence steps in response to goal attainment (irrespective of goal type). The present findings highlight the importance of personal goal systems in understanding the nature of anxiety. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.