Simulation of potential impacts of land use/cover changes on surface water fluxes in the Chaophraya river basin, Thailand
Simulation of potential impacts of land use/cover changes on surface water fluxes in the Chaophraya river basin, Thailand
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DOI：
10.1029/2004jd004825
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发表时间：
2005-04
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wonsik Kim;S. Kanae;Y. Agata;T. Oki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wonsik Kim;S. Kanae;Y. Agata;T. Oki
[1]泰国的昭披耶河流域是最重要的土地利用/覆盖变化地区之一，几十年来，自然植被被清除为农田或次生林。土地利用/覆被变化影响着地表水通量，包括蒸腾、截留损失、蒸发和径流，因为地表水通量的组成受空气动力学特征、土壤含水量和潜在光合作用的控制。因此，了解潜在的影响，LUCC的Chaophraya河流域，简单的生物圈模式2（SiB 2）与水稻计划运行在非耦合模式与强迫与国际卫星陆面气候学项目倡议I数据集。模拟结果表明：（1）尽管波文比相似，但森林的辐射吸收能量大于其他植被类型。(2)土壤含水量、光合活性和叶面积指数对各植被类型的光合特性有显著的控制作用。(3)建议用相对湿度指数（W）和相对湿度指数（RW）作为尺度参数来估计湿度的季节性（定义见第3.4节）：Wi = i）和RWi =。(4)结果表明，湿地可分为两类：以林地或水田为主的低季节性湿地（WS ≤ 0.5）和以草地或农作物为主的高季节性湿地（WS > 0.5）。(5)Chaophraya河流域的径流减少，因为扩大作物面积和稻田，增加蒸发在雨季造成的各种植被类型的变化，以稻田，并增加蒸腾在旱季造成扩大作物面积。
[1] The Chaophraya river basin in Thailand is one of the most significant land use/cover change (LUCC) regions where clearing of natural vegetation to cropland or secondary forest has occurred over several decades. The LUCC affects surface water fluxes (SWF), including transpiration, interception loss, evaporation, and runoff, because the SWF components are controlled by aerodynamic characteristics, soil moisture content, and potential photosynthetic activities according to vegetation type. Therefore, to understand the potential impacts of LUCC on SWF in the Chaophraya river basin, the simple biosphere model 2 (SiB2) with paddy scheme was run in uncoupled mode with forcing in keeping with the International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project Initiative I data set. The simulation results revealed the following: (1) The absorbed radiation energy of forest was larger than other vegetation types although the Bowen ratios are similar. (2) The characteristics of SWF for each vegetation type were significantly controlled by soil water content, photosynthetic activity, and leaf area index. (3) The SWF index (W) and the relative SWF index (RW) were suggested as scaling parameters to estimate the seasonality of SWF as follows (definitions are given in section 3.4): Wi = i) and RWi = . (4) The WS were divided into two groups: the low seasonality SWF type (WS ≤ 0.5) consisting of forest or paddy field and the high seasonality SWF type (WS > 0.5) consisting of grassland or crop. (5) Runoff of the Chaophraya river basin decreased because of expanding crop area and paddy fields, an increase in the evaporation during the rainy season caused by changes in various vegetation types to paddy fields, and an increase in transpiration during the dry season caused by an expanding crop area.