Postures and repetitive movements during use of a long cane by individuals with visual impairment
Postures and repetitive movements during use of a long cane by individuals with visual impairment
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DOI：
10.2519/jospt.2001.31.7.375
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Rudy, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mount, J;Howard, PD;Rudy, SL
研究设计：Descriptive.Objective:描述视障人士在行走时使用手杖探索环境时，上身的姿势和动作。背景：先前的研究显示，自我报告的神经肌肉骨骼问题与视力障碍者使用手杖有关，然而，没有研究，可以将神经肌肉骨骼问题与使用手杖的具体策略相关联，或者描述在使用手杖时实际发生的动作和姿势方法和措施：对28名使用长手杖独立行走超过1年的视力障碍患者进行了录像。受试者包括16名男性和12名女性，平均年龄为39.8 ± 15.2岁。姿势和运动的头部和颈部，躯干，每个上肢身体段进行了分析，使用videotape.Results：39类姿势或重复关节运动进行了观察。一半的受试者在行走过程中缺乏头部、躯干和肩带的节间运动。用于操纵手杖的重复动作发生在前臂或手腕处。受试者内的姿势和动作的变化是low.Conclusions：各种持续的姿势和重复的动作之间发生的个人使用长手杖。每个人在一个简单的环境中行走时，手杖操作策略的变化最小。手杖操作是通过腕关节屈曲/伸展、腕关节尺侧/桡侧偏斜或前臂旋前/旋后的重复运动来完成的。上半身的其余部分保持持续的姿势，超过大厅的长手杖使用者缺乏正常的节间运动，通常发生在颈部，躯干和肩带在步行过程中。需要进一步的研究来确定特定的手杖操作策略或手杖使用期间的持续姿势是否会增加肌肉骨骼疼痛综合征的风险。
Study Design: Descriptive.Objective: To describe upper body postures and movements that occur when an individual with visual impairment uses a cane to explore the environment while walking.Background: Previous research revealed self-reported neuromusculoskeletal problems related to cane use in individuals with visual impairments, No research, however, is available correlating neuromusculoskeletal problems with specific strategies of cane use or describing what movements and postures actually occur during cane use.Methods and Measures: Twenty-eight individuals With visual impairment who had been walking independently with a long cane for >1 year were videotaped walking with their canes. Subjects included 16 men and 12 women with a mean age of 39.8 +/- 15.2. Postures and movements of the head and neck, trunk, and each upper extremity body segment were analyzed using videotape.Results: Thirty-nine categories of postures or repetitive joint movements were observed. Half of the subjects lacked intersegmental movement of the head, trunk, and shoulder girdles during walking. The repetitive movements used to manipulate the cane occurred at the forearm or wrist. Intrasubject variability of postures and movements was low.Conclusions: A variety of sustained postures and repetitive movements occur among individuals using long canes. Each individual displays minimal variability in cane manipulation strategy when walking in an uncomplicated environment. Cane manipulation is accomplished by repetitive movements of wrist flexion/extension, wrist ulnar/radial deviation, or forearm pronation/supination. The remainder of the upper body maintains sustained postures, and more than hall of long cane users lack the normal intersegmental movement that typically occurs in the neck, trunk, and shoulder girdle during walking. Further research is needed to determine whether particular cane manipulation strategies or sustained postures during cane use increase the risk of musculoskeletal pain syndromes.