Viruses Associated With Pneumonia in Adults
Viruses Associated With Pneumonia in Adults
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DOI：
10.1093/cid/cis297
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Cesario, Thomas C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cesario, Thomas C.
病毒性肺炎通常与儿童疾病有关，越来越多地被认为是成年人的问题。某些病毒，如流感病毒，可以攻击完全免疫功能正常的成年人，但许多病毒利用更脆弱的患者。后者包括接受免疫抑制治疗的患者和老年受试者，特别是居住在长期护理机构的受试者。在成人中引起肺炎的病毒范围包括常见病原体，例如水痘-带状疱疹病毒和流感病毒，以及呼吸道合胞病毒、人偏肺病毒、腺病毒、小核糖核酸病毒和冠状病毒。其他病原体，如鼻病毒和人类博卡病毒在肺炎中所起的作用仍在研究中。虽然大多数这些药物的治疗，至少在成人中，尚未完全阐明，但可以合理地假设，如果在感染过程中足够早地引入抗病毒药物，则抗病毒药物可能在某些情况下起作用。
Viral pneumonia, which is typically associated with disease in childhood, is increasingly recognized as causing problems in adults. Certain viruses, such as influenza virus, can attack fully immunocompetent adults, but many viruses take advantage of more-vulnerable patients. The latter include patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy and elderly subjects, particularly those residing in long-term care facilities. The range of viruses producing pneumonia in adults includes common agents, such as varicella-zoster virus and influenza virus, as well as respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, adenoviruses, picornaviruses, and coronaviruses. The roles played by other agents, such as rhinoviruses and human bocaviruses, in pneumonia are still under study. While therapy for most of theses agents, at least in adults, has not yet been fully clarified, it is reasonable to assume antivirals may work in certain situations if they are introduced early enough in the course of infection.