Gender-based violence in conflict and displacement: qualitative findings from displaced women in Colombia.
Gender-based violence in conflict and displacement: qualitative findings from displaced women in Colombia.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/1752-1505-8-10
复制
发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Vu, Alexander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wirtz, Andrea L;Pham, Kiemanh;Vu, Alexander
导言：基于性别的暴力在受冲突影响的人口中很普遍，虽然不是特定的，但与冲突和流离失所的各种程度的脆弱性有关。哥伦比亚经历了数十年的冲突，估计有520万境内流离失所者和持续不断的暴力。我们进行了定性研究，以了解冲突、流离失所和GBV动态的背景。这是与难民署合作开展的一项多阶段混合方法研究的一部分，目的是开发一种筛查工具，以便在境内流离失所的妇女中秘密确定要转介的基于性别的暴力案件。方法：采用定性研究来确定基于性别的暴力的范围、肇事者、冲突和流离失所的背景、报告和接受服务的障碍，以及了解服务提供者的经验。2012年6月，在哥伦比亚圣何塞-德瓜维亚雷和基多，35名自称是性别暴力幸存者的18岁及以上女性境内流离失所者接受了深入访谈。31名服务提供者参加了这些地点的6次焦点小组讨论和4次访谈。结果：幸存者描述了冲突和流离失所环境中的一系列GBV。冲突环境中的武装行为者威胁对家庭成员实施暴力和伤害，招募儿童，并在较小程度上强奸和强迫堕胎。机会主义暴力，包括绑架、强奸和少数贩运，据报告更多地发生在流离失所环境中，往往是由身份不明的个人犯下的。家庭内暴力、亲密伴侣暴力，包括身体暴力和性暴力以及生殖控制在各种环境中都很突出，冲突和流离失所可能会加剧这种暴力。幸存者和类似提供者报告了报告和寻求服务的障碍。结论：调查结果突出了及早识别GBV病例的必要性，强调保密方法和幸存者积极参与可用的高质量服务。这种努力可能有助于实现哥伦比亚新法律的目标，这些法律力求预防和应对基于性别的暴力，包括在冲突环境中。持续不断的冲突和普遍的基于性别的暴力在流离失所问题上以及在更广泛的人口中，表明有必要制定可持续的解决办法，使国内流离失所者和普通民众都能获得。
INTRODUCTION: Gender-based violence (GBV) is prevalent among, though not specific to, conflict affected populations and related to multifarious levels of vulnerability of conflict and displacement. Colombia has been marked with decades of conflict, with an estimated 5.2 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) and ongoing violence. We conducted qualitative research to understand the contexts of conflict, displacement and dynamics with GBV. This as part of a multi-phase, mixed method study, in collaboration with UNHCR, to develop a screening tool to confidentially identify cases of GBV for referral among IDP women who were survivors of GBV.METHODS: Qualitative research was used to identify the range of GBV, perpetrators, contexts in conflict and displacement, barriers to reporting and service uptake, as well as to understand experiences of service providers. Thirty-five female IDPs, aged 18years and older, who self-identified as survivors of GBV were enrolled for in-depth interviews in San Jose de Guaviare and Quibdo, Colombia in June 2012. Thirty-one service providers participated in six focus group discussions and four interviews across these sites.RESULTS: Survivors described a range of GBV across conflict and displacement settings. Armed actors in conflict settings perpetrated threats of violence and harm to family members, child recruitment, and, to a lesser degree, rape and forced abortion. Opportunistic violence, including abduction, rape, and few accounts of trafficking were more commonly reported to occur in the displacement setting, often perpetrated by unknown individuals. Intrafamilial violence, intimate partner violence, including physical and sexual violence and reproductive control were salient across settings and may be exacerbated by conflict and displacement. Barriers to reporting and services seeking were reported by survivors and providers alike.CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the need for early identification of GBV cases, with emphasis on confidential approaches and active engagement of survivors in available, quality services. Such efforts may facilitate achievement of the goals of new Colombian laws, which seek to prevent and respond to GBV, including in conflict settings. Ongoing conflict and generalized GBV in displacement, as well as among the wider population, suggests a need to create sustainable solutions that are accessible to both IDPs and general populations.