Fatigue failure and molecular machine design.

Fatigue failure and molecular machine design.
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疲劳失效和分子机器设计。

DOI:
10.1002/smll.201100240
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
影响因子:
13.3
通讯作者:
E. Dumont
E. Dumont
中科院分区:
材料科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
H. Hess;E. Dumont

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复杂的分子机器已经在自然界中进化,第一个合成分子机器已经被证明。随着我们对单个运行周期的了解越来越多,如何在多个周期内持续运行的问题成为最重要的问题。在大型机器的设计中,性能和寿命是对立的目标。类似地,生物纳米机器的自然进化,如肌球蛋白马达蛋白,可能受到寿命要求的限制。在反复的小应力下的键疲劳可能限制分子机器的机械性能,而不是在高力下的键断裂。在这里,循环应力的影响,使用单键和双键作为简单的例子进行了讨论。此外,它表明,寿命的增加需要减少机械负荷和分子工程设计功能,如能够重新绑定的多价键,可以显着延长键的寿命。一个通用的电机力输出的标度律外推到分子尺度估计分子机器的设计空间。
Sophisticated molecular machines have evolved in nature, and the first synthetic molecular machines have been demonstrated. With our increasing understanding of individual operating cycles, the question of how operation can be sustained over many cycles comes to the forefront. In the design of macroscale machines, performance and lifetime are opposing goals. Similarly, the natural evolution of biological nanomachines, such as myosin motor proteins, is likely constrained by lifetime requirements. Rather than bond rupture at high forces, bond fatigue under repeated small stresses may limit the mechanical performance of molecular machines. Here, the effect of cyclic stresses using single and double bonds as simple examples are discussed. Additionally, it is demonstrated that an increase in lifetime requires a reduction in mechanical load and that molecular engineering design features, such as polyvalent bonds capable of rebinding, can extend the bond lifetime dramatically. A universal scaling law for the force output of motors is extrapolated to the molecular scale to estimate the design space for molecular machines.
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期刊: --
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