Selection, evolution of behavior and animal models in behavioral neuroscience
Selection, evolution of behavior and animal models in behavioral neuroscience
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0149-7634(99)00029-9
复制
发表时间：
1999-11-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Ferrari, PF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parmigiani, S;Palanza, P;Ferrari, PF
我们研究了四种不同遗传系小鼠（即野生、远交 Swiss-CD1、近交 DBA/2 和近交 C57/BL6N）中各种形式的种内攻击性和焦虑的遗传差异是否可能反映了行为策略的改变。实验 1 和 2 使用基于行为学的范式来分析社交（即攻击性）和非社交（即新环境探索）环境中的攻击性和焦虑反应。在实验3中，使用抗焦虑药物（利眠宁（CDP））来检查焦虑相关行为的近端机制中可能存在的差异。数据显示，性内攻击、杀婴和母亲攻击是相关且共变的。具有最高水平的男性间攻击（即Wild和Swiss-CD1）的遗传系也具有最高水平的杀婴、女性间攻击和母性攻击行为，但有趣的是，焦虑水平最低。事实上，与 Swiss 和 Wild 基因系相比，DBA/2 和 C57/BL6N 小鼠（即攻击性较小的品系）的探索行为较低，风险评估行为明显较高。尽管生殖状况影响雌性小鼠的焦虑水平，但我们的研究结果表明（与之前的研究相反）哺乳期小鼠在风险评估活动方面比处女雌性更焦虑。这些数据证明了在与生态更相关的背景下研究行为的重要性，该背景强调1：行为在特定情况下的功能。此外，对 CDP 行为影响的不同应变敏感性表明，小鼠的遗传系可能在介导行为的潜在机制上有所不同。因此，不同基因型的人工选择可能导致调节攻击性和焦虑水平的直接机制存在差异，从而导致社会行为的改变。总的来说，这里提出的结果表明，特定潜在神经机制中微妙的遗传改变可能会对行为反应及其适应性意义产生深远的影响。讨论了旨在了解行为的近端机制和最终机制的行为神经科学研究的意义。 (C) 1999 年由爱思唯尔科学有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
We investigated whether genetic differences in various forms of intraspecific aggression and anxiety in four different genetic lines of mice (i.e. wild, outbred Swiss-CD1, inbred DBA/2 and inbred C57/BL6N) may reflect modifications in behavioral strategy. Experiments 1 and 2 used ethologically based paradigms to analyze aggressive and anxiety responses both in social (i.e. aggression) and non-social (i.e. novel environment exploration) contexts. In Experiment 3, an anxiolytic drug (chlordiazepoxide (CDP)) was used to examine possible differences in proximal mechanisms underlying anxiety-related behaviors. The data show that intrasexual aggression, infanticide and maternal aggressions are related and covarying. Genetic lines with the highest levels of intermale attack (i.e. Wild and Swiss-CD1) also have highest levels of infanticide, interfemale attack and maternal aggression but, interestingly, the lowest levels of anxiety. In fact, exploratory behavior is lower and risk assessment behavior markedly higher in DBA/2 and C57/BL6N mice (i.e. the less aggressive strains) compared to Swiss and Wild genetic lines. Although reproductive status influences anxiety levels in female mice, our findings show that (contrary to previous studies) lactating mice are more anxious than virgin females in terms of risk assessment activities. These data demonstrate the importance of studying behavior in a more ecologically-relevant context which emphasizes 1:he function of behavior in a specific situation. Moreover, differential strain sensitivity to the behavioral effects of CDP suggests that genetic lines of mice may differ in the underlying mechanisms mediating behavior. It is therefore possible that artificial selection of different genotypes has resulted in differences in proximate mechanisms modulating the levels of aggression and anxiety, thereby leading to modification of social behavior. Overall, the results presented here suggest that subtle genetic alterations in specific underlying neural mechanisms are likely to cause profound effects on behavioral responses and their adaptive significance. Implications for behavioral neuroscience research that seeks to understand both the proximal and ultimate mechanisms of behavior are discussed. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.