Dynein Motion Switches from Diffusive to Directed upon Cortical Anchoring
Dynein Motion Switches from Diffusive to Directed upon Cortical Anchoring
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.020
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发表时间：
2013-06-20
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Tolic-Norrelykke, Iva M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ananthanarayanan, Vaishnavi;Schattat, Martin;Tolic-Norrelykke, Iva M.
细胞质动力蛋白是一种对微管施加力的马达蛋白。为了产生用于大型细胞器运动的力，动力蛋白需要被锚定，锚定位点通常位于细胞皮层。然而，动力蛋白靶向位点的机制是未知的，在那里它们可以产生大的集体力。在这里，我们直接观察单个动力蛋白在减数分裂核振荡在裂变酵母和确定的步骤的动力蛋白结合过程：从细胞质的微管和从微管皮质锚。我们观察到，微管上的动力蛋白以扩散或定向的方式移动，动力蛋白与皮质锚结合后发生从扩散到定向运动的切换。动力蛋白在微管上的这种双重行为，加上结合的两个步骤，使动力蛋白能够自组织成一种空间模式，从而产生巨大的集体力。
Cytoplasmic dynein is a motor protein that exerts force on microtubules. To generate force for the movement of large organelles, dynein needs to be anchored, with the anchoring sites being typically located at the cell cortex. However, the mechanism by which dyneins target sites where they can generate large collective forces is unknown. Here, we directly observe single dyneins during meiotic nuclear oscillations in fission yeast and identify the steps of the dynein binding process: from the cytoplasm to the microtubule and from the microtubule to cortical anchors. We observed that dyneins on the microtubule move either in a diffusive or directed manner, with the switch from diffusion to directed movement occurring upon binding of dynein to cortical anchors. This dual behavior of dynein on the microtubule, together with the two steps of binding, enables dyneins to self-organize into a spatial pattern needed for them to generate large collective forces.