Neurosteroids, stress and depression: potential therapeutic opportunities.

Neurosteroids, stress and depression: potential therapeutic opportunities.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.10.005
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发表时间:
2013-01
影响因子:
8.2
通讯作者:
Mennerick S
Mennerick S
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zorumski CF;Paul SM;Izumi Y;Covey DF;Mennerick S

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Neurosteroids are potent and effective neuromodulators that are synthesized from cholesterol in the brain. These agents and their synthetic derivatives influence the function of multiple signaling pathways including receptors for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate, the major inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS). Increasing evidence indicates that dysregulation of neurosteroid production plays a role in the pathophysiology of stress and stress-related psychiatric disorders, including mood and anxiety disorders. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of neurosteroid action in brain with an emphasis on those neurosteroids that potently modulate the function of GABAA receptors. We then discuss evidence indicating a role for GABA and neurosteroids in stress and depression, and focus on potential strategies that can be used to manipulate CNS neurosteroid synthesis and function for therapeutic purposes.
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