Social comparison: Why, with whom, and with what effect?
Social comparison: Why, with whom, and with what effect?
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8721.00191
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Wheeler, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suls, J;Martin, R;Wheeler, L
社会比较包括将自己与他人进行比较，以评估或提升自我的某些方面。能力评估与“我能做X吗？”这个问题有关。并依赖于代理表演者的存在。代理人在属性上相对于比较者的相对地位，以及代理人是否在一项初步任务上付出了最大努力，都是影响其信息效用的变量。意见评估与“我喜欢X吗？”这样的问题有关。“X正确吗？”和“我会喜欢X吗？”影响一个人使用社会比较来评估他或她的意见的重要变量是另一个人的专业知识、与个人的相似性以及之前与个人的一致意见。社会比较是否起到自我增强的作用，取决于比较是否同化或对比了他或她的自我知识。自我观点的可变性和比较对象的独特性等变量可能是同化与对比的重要决定因素。
Social comparison consists of comparing oneself with others in order to evaluate or to enhance some aspects of the self. Evaluation of ability is concerned with the question "Can I do X?" and relies on the existence of a proxy performer. A proxy's relative standing on attributes vis-a-vis comparer and whether the proxy exerted maximum effort on a preliminary task are variables influencing his or her informational utility. Evaluation of opinions is concerned with the questions "Do I like X?" "Is X correct?" and "Will I like X?". Important variables that affect an individual's use of social comparison to evaluate his or her opinions are the other person's expertise, similarity with the individual, and previous agreement with the individual. Whether social comparison serves a self-enhancement function depends on whether the comparison assimilates or contrasts his or her self-knowledge made cognitively accessible and variables such as mutability of self-views and distinctiveness of the comparison target may be important determinants of assimilation versus contrast.