Beyond the face: an empirical study of infant affective configurations of facial, vocal, gestural, and regulatory behaviors.
Beyond the face: an empirical study of infant affective configurations of facial, vocal, gestural, and regulatory behaviors.
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超越面部：对婴儿面部、声音、手势和调节行为情感配置的实证研究。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00832.x
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Tronick,EZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weinberg,MK;Tronick,EZ
本文评估了婴儿的面部、凝视、声音、手势和姿势等表达方式形成连贯情感配置的程度，以及这些配置是否与特定的互动环境相关。 50 名 6 个月大的婴儿和他们的母亲在 Tronick 的面对面静脸范式中被录像。婴儿的目光、声音、手势、自我调节和退缩行为均通过婴儿调节评分系统（IRSS）进行编码。婴儿的面部表情通过 Izard 的 AFFEX 系统进行编码。对 IRSS 行为和 AFFEX 表达的应急分析揭示了 4 种不同的情感配置：社交参与、对象参与、被动退缩和主动抗议。这些情感配置在面对面静脸范式的不同交互环境中分布有差异。有人认为，行为和面部表情是基本的表达单位，可以灵活地组织成各种配置，传达有关婴儿内部状态和意图的信息。此外，假设婴儿体验的基本单位是情绪和行为的这些独特的情感配置。
This article evaluates the extent to which infants' expressive modalities of face, gaze, voice, gesture, and posture form coherent affective configurations and whether these configurations are related to specific interactive contexts. 50 6‐month‐old infants and their mothers were videotaped in Tronick's Face‐to‐Face Still‐Face Paradigm. The infants' gaze, voice, gestures, self‐regulatory, and withdrawal behaviors were coded with the Infant Regulatory Scoring System (IRSS). The infants' facial expressions were coded with Izard's AFFEX system. Contingency analyses of IRSS behaviors and AFFEX expressions revealed 4 distinct affective configurations: Social Engagement, Object Engagement, Passive Withdrawal, and Active Protest. These affective configurations were differentially distributed among the different interactive contexts of the Face‐to‐Face Still‐Face Paradigm. It is suggested that behaviors and facial expressions are fundamental expressive units flexibly organized into configurations that convey messages about the infant's internal state and intentions. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that the basic units of the infant's experience are these distinct affective configurations of emotion and behavior.