Redefining Nature: Karen Ecological Knowledge and the Challenge to the Modern Conservation Paradigm
Redefining Nature: Karen Ecological Knowledge and the Challenge to the Modern Conservation Paradigm
复制标题
重新定义自然：克伦族生态知识与对现代保护范式的挑战
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7660.2003.00335.x
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
P. Laungaramsri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Laungaramsri
泰国北方高地地区的水资源紧张往往是由于森林砍伐造成的供水减少。本文认为，这种供应减少的水文证据是非常薄弱的，而在高地集水区的关键水文问题是水需求的显着增加，特别是在旱季。这些论点说明了详细检查的梅庵集水区，位于清迈省，旱季大豆种植的发展似乎已经测试了集水区的水文限制，甚至超过了这个限制在干旱年份。作者认为，从水供应到水需求的重点转移具有根本性的重要政治影响。只要公众辩论的重点是供水问题，监管的重点将是那些居住在被视为对确保下游水流至关重要的森林高地地区的居民。但是，如果水管理的重点转移到水的需求，那么监管的注意力必须转移到整个水文系统存在的各种需求来源。
Tensions over water resources in upland areas of northern Thailand are often attributed to reductions in water supply caused by forest clearing. This article argues that the hydrological evidence for such reductions in supply is very weak and that, rather, the key hydrological issue in upland catchments is a significant increase in water demand, especially during the dry season. The arguments are illustrated with a detailed examination of the Mae Uam catchment, located in Chiang Mai province, where the development of dry–season soybean cultivation appears to have tested the hydrological limit of the catchment, and even exceeded this limit in drier years. The author argues that a shift in focus from water supply to water demand has fundamentally important political implications. As long as the focus of public debate is on water supply, the regulatory focus will be on those resident in the forested upland areas that are seen as being crucial in securing downstream flows. But if the water management focus is shifted to water demand, then regulatory attention must shift to the diverse sources of demand that exist throughout the hydrological system.