Pollinator Abundance in Semiarid Pastures as Affected by Forage Species
Pollinator Abundance in Semiarid Pastures as Affected by Forage Species
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2018.06.0393
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Barkowsky, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bhandari, Krishna B.;West, C. P.;Barkowsky, E.
由于奥加拉拉含水层的抽水不可持续，半干旱的德克萨斯高平原的灌溉作物生产用水供应不断减少。将土地从一年生作物转变为灌溉有限的多年生牧草是一种有利可图的土地利用选择。大众-B。达尔的旧大陆蓝茎[白羊草[Boriochloa bladhii(Retz)S.T.Blake，OWB]是一种适应性很好的草，以阻止一些土栖昆虫而闻名，但OWB对昆虫传粉者的影响尚不清楚。这项研究的目的是确定适应牧草类型(种类或混合)是否影响牧场昆虫传粉者的丰度。用蜜蜂碗收集觅食昆虫，并在OWB单独、OWB与紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)、紫花苜蓿和一种本地草的混合物中进行比较。在3年多的时间里，从四目昆虫中恢复了21个科。汗蜂(膜翅目：汗蜂科)种类最多，占采集昆虫总数的59%。蜜蜂(膜翅目：蜂科)占采集昆虫总数的17%，悬蝇(双翅目：食蜂科)和捕食者(鳞翅目：蜂科)的数量较少。牧草类型与年份的交互作用限制了一致的牧草类型效应。一般来说，觅食昆虫的丰度最低的是单独生长的OWB，特别是当地的地面筑巢的汗蜂，而更多的是在当地的草和紫花苜蓿牧场中发现的。广泛采用WW-B.Dahl OWB可能会减少德克萨斯高平原当地觅食昆虫的数量，这可能会对管理草原上的传粉者产生负面影响。
The semiarid Texas High Plains has a declining water supply for irrigated crop production because of unsustainable pumping from the Ogallala aquifer. Conversion of land from annual crops to limited-irrigated perennial forages is an option for profitable land use. VW-B. Dahl' old world bluestem [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake, OWB] is a well-adapted grass known for deterring some soil-dwelling insects, but effects of OWB on insect pollinators are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether adapted forage types (species or mixtures) affected insect pollinator abundance in pastures. Foraging insects were collected using bee bowls and compared among OWB alone, OWB mixed with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), alfalfa, and a native grass mix. Twentyone families from four orders of insects were recovered over 3 yr. Sweat bee (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) was the most abundant family, with 59% of the total number of insects collected. Honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) constituted an additional 17% of the total number of insects collected, with hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) and skippers (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) found in lesser abundances. Interactions between forage type and years restricted consistent forage-type effects. In general, the lowest abundances of foraging insects were commonly found in OWB growing alone, especially of the native, ground-nesting sweat bee, whereas greater abundances were more commonly found in native grass and alfalfa pastures. Widespread adoption of WW-B.Dahl OWB may reduce local numbers of foraging insects in the Texas High Plains, which could negatively affect pollinators in managed grasslands.