Preliminary observations on the spawning conditions of the European amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) in captivity
Preliminary observations on the spawning conditions of the European amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) in captivity
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DOI：
10.1002/jez.b.20025
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发表时间：
2004-07-15
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Escriva, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuentes, M;Schubert, M;Escriva, H
头索动物亚门的成员，包括文昌鱼属（即文昌鱼），是现存与脊椎动物最接近的无脊椎动物亲戚。迄今为止，已经对三种文昌鱼物种（欧洲文昌鱼、东亚文昌鱼和佛罗里达-加勒比文昌鱼）进行了发育研究。在大多数情况下，成年动物是在成熟季节从田间收集的，并允许（或刺激）在实验室中产卵。在任何一年，实验室典当的日期都受到两个因素的限制。首先，这三种研究最多的文昌鱼的自然种群每年最多只有几个月成熟，其次，即使表面上成熟，动物也只能以不可预测的每隔几天的时间间隔产卵。生物材料供应的有限阻碍了文昌鱼作为模型系统的发展，因为这种限制使得制定新的实验室技术方案变得更加困难。因此，我们正在开发实验室方法来增加每年文昌鱼的产卵日期数量。目前的研究发现，生活在法国-西班牙边境附近的地中海B. lanceolatum种群在2003年的5月底和6月底自然产卵。实验室的再喂养实验表明，性腺在5月底排空，在6月底重新充满配子。我们还发现，具有大型性腺的动物（均是从野外获得并在实验室饲养和喂养数周）如果受到温度冲击，可能会在实验室中被诱导产卵，与野外种群不同时（产卵发生在水温从 19 摄氏度持续升高到 25 摄氏度后 36 小时）。 (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Members of the subphylum Cephalochordata, which include the genus Branchiostoma (i.e. amphioxus), represent the closest living invertebrate relatives of the vertebrates. To date, developmental studies have been carried out on three amphioxus species (the European Branchiostoma lanceolatum, the East Asian B. belcheri, and Floridian-Caribbean B. floridae). In most instances, adult animals have been collected from the field during their ripe season and allowed (or stimulated) to spawn in the laboratory. In any given year, dates of laboratory pawning have been limited by two factors. First, natural populations of these three most studied species of amphioxus are ripe, at most, for only a couple of months each year and, second, even when apparently ripe, animals spawn only at unpredictable intervals of every several days. This limited supply of living material hinders the development of amphioxus as a model system because this limitation makes it more difficult to work out protocols for new laboratory techniques. Therefore we are developing laboratory methods for increasing the number of amphioxus spawning dates per year. The present study found that a Mediterranean population of B. lanceolatum living near the Franco-Spanish border spawned naturally at the end of May and again at the end of June in 2003. Re-feeding experiments in the laboratory demonstrated that the gonads emptied at the end of May refilled with gametes by the end of June. We also found that animals with large gonads (both, obtained from the field and kept and fed at the laboratory during several weeks) could be induced to spawn in the laboratory out of phase with the field population if they were temperature shocked (spawning occurred 36 hours after a sustained increase in water temperature from 19degreesC to 25degreesC). (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.