Improved virus removal by high-basicity polyaluminum coagulants compared to commercially available aluminum-based coagulants
Improved virus removal by high-basicity polyaluminum coagulants compared to commercially available aluminum-based coagulants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2013.09.052
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Sato, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shirasaki, N.;Matsushita, T.;Sato, S.
我们研究了碱度、硫酸盐含量和铝水解物种类对聚合氯化铝(PACl)混凝剂在pH 6-8范围内去除河水中F-特定RNA噬菌体能力的影响。PACl的碱度从1.5增加到2.1，并且没有硫酸盐，导致PACl中单体铝物种的数量减少(即聚合铝和胶体铝物种的总量增加)，PACl的胶体电荷密度增加，或两者都增加，从而获得高的病毒清除效率。在pH 8左右，高胶体铝含量的非硫酸盐化高碱度PACl(碱度2.1~2.2)PACl-2.1c对病毒的去除效率高于聚合铝含量高的非硫酸盐化高碱度(碱度2.1~2.2)PACl-2.1b。相反，尽管极高的碱度PACl(例如，PACl-2.7 ns，碱度2.7)有效地去除了浊度和吸收UV260的天然有机物，并导致非常低的残余铝浓度，但在pH 8左右，PACl-2.7 ns的病毒去除比率低于PACl-2.1c，这可能是由于当碱度从2.1增加到2.7时，PACl的胶体电荷密度降低。液态Al-27核磁共振分析表明，PACl-2.1c中含有Al-30物种，而PACl-2.1b和PACl-2.7ns并非如此。这一结果表明，Al-30物种可能在混凝过程中对病毒的去除起到了主要作用。总而言之，在整个测试的pH(6-8)和混凝剂投加量(0.54-5.4 mg-Al/L)范围内，具有高胶体铝含量、含有Al-30物种和高胶体电荷密度的PAC-2.1C比其他铝基混凝剂(包括商业上可获得的PAC(碱度1.5-1.8)、明矾和PAC-2.7 ns)更有效地去除病毒(对于传染性病毒而言，为4log(10))。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
We investigated the effects of basicity, sulfate content, and aluminum hydrolyte species on the ability of polyaluminum chloride (PACl) coagulants to remove F-specific RNA bacteriophages from river water at a pH range of 6-8. An increase in PACl basicity from 1.5 to 2.1 and the absence of sulfate led to a reduction of the amount of monomeric aluminum species (i.e., an increase of the total amount of polymeric aluminum and colloidal aluminum species) in the PACl, to an increase in the colloid charge density of the PACl, or to both and, as a result, to high virus removal efficiency. The efficiency of virus removal at around pH 8 observed with PACl-2.1c, a nonsulfated high-basicity PACl (basicity 2.1-2.2) with a high colloidal aluminum content, was larger than that observed with PACl-2.1b, a nonsulfated high-basicity PACl (basicity 2.1-2.2) with a high polymeric aluminum content. In contrast, although extremely high basicity PACls (e.g., PACl-2.7ns, basicity 2.7) effectively removed turbidity and UV260-absorbing natural organic matter and resulted in a very low residual aluminum concentration, the virus removal ratio with PACl-2.7ns was smaller than the ratio with PACl-2.1c at around pH 8, possibly as a result of a reduction of the colloid charge density of the PACl as the basicity was increased from 2.1 to 2.7. Liquid Al-27 NMR analysis revealed that PACl-2.1c contained Al-30 species, which was not the case for PACl-2.1b or PACl-2.7ns. This result suggests that Al-30 species probably played a major role in virus removal during the coagulation process. In summary, PACl-2.1c, which has high colloidal aluminum content, contains Al-30 species, and has a high colloid charge density, removed viruses more efficiently (>4 log(10) for infectious viruses) than the other aluminum-based coagulants-including commercially available PACls (basicity 1.5-1.8), alum, and PACl-2.7ns-over the entire tested pH (6-8) and coagulant dosage (0.54-5.4 mg-Al/L) ranges. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.