Summer outdoor temperature and occupational heat-related illnesses in Quebec (Canada)
Summer outdoor temperature and occupational heat-related illnesses in Quebec (Canada)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2014.07.018
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Labreche, France
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adam-Poupart, Ariane;Smargiassi, Audrey;Labreche, France
背景：与气候变化相关的全球平均气温预计上升和热浪加剧给职业健康和安全带来了越来越大的挑战。尽管关于高温对健康影响的重要科学知识已经积累，但很少有研究关注量化室外高温与工人死亡率或发病率之间的关联。目标：量化职业性高温相关疾病与暴露于夏季室外温度之间的关联。方法：我们模拟了 1998 年至 2010 年 5 月至 9 月期间由魁北克工人赔偿委员会赔偿的 259 种与高温相关的疾病，其中夏季每日最高室外温度为使用负二项式分布的广义线性模型对魁北克（加拿大）的 16 个健康地区进行了分析，并按性别和年龄组估计了所有地区组合的汇总效应大小，并使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析的不同时间滞后。结果：魁北克所有地区组合的平均每日补偿计数为 0.13。日补偿次数与日最高气温之间呈对数线性关系；每日最高气温每升高 1 摄氏度，每日热相关补偿的汇总发生率比 (IRR) 为 1.419（95% CI 1.326 至 1.520）。男性和女性以及年龄组的关联相似。滞后 1 和滞后 2 以及滞后两日和三天平均值的每日最高气温升高也与每日补偿计数的增加相关（温度每升高 1 摄氏度，IRR 为 1.206 至 1.471）。 结论：这项研究首次量化了加拿大职业热相关疾病与暴露于夏季气温之间的关联。本研究中开发的模型（风险函数）可有助于改进对预测的夏季室外温度对工人和弱势群体的未来影响的评估，特别是在冷温带地区。 (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Background: Predicted rise in global mean temperature and intensification of heat waves associated with climate change present an increasing challenge for occupational health and safety. Although important scientific knowledge has been gathered on the health effects of heat, very few studies have focused on quantifying the association between outdoor heat and mortality or morbidity among workers.Objective: To quantify the association between occupational heat-related illnesses and exposure to summer outdoor temperatures.Methods: We modeled 259 heat-related illnesses compensated by the Workers' Compensation Board of Quebec between May and September, from 1998 to 2010, with maximum daily summer outdoor temperatures in 16 health regions of Quebec (Canada) using generalized linear models with negative binomial distributions, and estimated the pooled effect sizes for all regions combined, by sex and age groups, and for different time lags with random-effect models for meta-analyses.Results: The mean daily compensation count was 0.13 for all regions of Quebec combined. The relationship between daily counts of compensations and maximum daily temperatures was log-linear; the pooled incidence rate ratio (IRR) of daily heat-related compensations per 1 degrees C increase in daily maximum temperatures was 1.419 (95% CI 1.326 to 1.520). Associations were similar for men and women and by age groups. Increases in daily maximum temperatures at lags 1 and 2 and for two and three-day lag averages were also associated with increases in daily counts of compensations (IRRs of 1.206 to 1.471 for every 1 degrees C increase in temperature).Conclusion: This study is the first to quantify the association between occupational heat-related illnesses and exposure to summer temperatures in Canada. The model (risk function) developed in this study could be useful to improve the assessment of future impacts of predicted summer outdoor temperatures on workers and vulnerable groups, particularly in colder temperate zones. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.