Re-examining the embodied air pollutants in Chinese exports
Re-examining the embodied air pollutants in Chinese exports
复制标题
重新审视中国出口产品中所含空气污染物
DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109709
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Zhang, Zengkai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Du, Huibin;Liu, Huiwen;Zhang, Zengkai
中国是世界上最大的出口国，由于以煤炭为主要能源，生产出口商品可能会释放大量的空气污染物。加工出口在中国出口中起着重要的作用，但以前的研究未能区分加工出口和正常出口。本文基于一个扩展的非竞争性投入产出表（区分加工出口和正常出口），通过重新检验中国出口产品中的隐含污染物，研究了贸易异质性对隐含排放估算的影响。结果表明，加工出口产生的附加值占出口总额的22.81%，排放量占出口总额的16.48%。在不考虑贸易异质性的情况下，中国出口中的隐含空气污染物将被高估12%-22%。与出口有关的空气污染物和增加值在不同部门之间分布不均。特别是，电子和通信设备制造业在加工出口中产生了39.56%的隐含排放，其中41.78%来自电力和蒸汽热水生产和供应部门。中国对加工出口的限制不仅应关注每个部门产生的直接排放，还应关注国内供应链中的排放。
China is the world's largest exporter and may release lots of air pollutants to produce exported commodities due to taking coal as its main source of energy. Processing exports play a significant role in Chinese exports, yet previous studies of embodied air pollutants in Chinese exports failed to distinguish processing exports from normal exports. This paper investigates the effect of trade heterogeneity on the estimation of embodied emissions by re-examining the embodied air pollutants in Chinese exports based on an extended non-competitive input-output table that distinguishes processing from normal exports. The results show that processing exports generate 22.81% of the value added embodied in gross exports and 16.48% of the emissions embodied in gross exports. The embodied air pollutants in Chinese exports would be overestimated by 12%-22% without accounting for trade heterogeneity. Unequal distributions of export-related air pollutants and value added exist among different sectors. In particular, Manufacturing of Electronics and Communication Equipment sector induces 39.56% of embodied emissions in processing exports, and 41.78% of which are generated by Production and Supply of Electric Power and Steam Hot Water sector. China's restrictions on processing exports should focus not only on the direct emissions generated by each sector but also on the emissions embodied in domestic supply chains.