May '68 and its afterlives
May '68 and its afterlives
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68 年 5 月及其来世
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发表时间：
2002
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Ross
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作者：
K. Ross
1968年5月，法国学生和工人团结起来，举行了法国历史上规模最大的罢工和最大规模的群众运动。抗议资本主义、美帝国主义和戴高乐主义的900万人停止了工作，他们来自各行各业，从造船工人到百货商店店员。国家陷入瘫痪--工作场所没有一个部门没有受到影响；没有一个地区、城市或村庄没有受到影响。然而，仅仅30年后，68年5月在法国的主流形象已经变成了一场成熟的青年起义，一种文化转型，去掉了它的暴力和深刻的社会政治含义。克里斯汀·罗斯(Kristin Ross)展示了对68年5月的当前记忆是如何成为与该运动的抱负相反的政治议程的。她考察了社会学家、悔过自新的前学生领袖和主流媒体在赋予这一政治事件以文化和伦理意义为主的过程中所扮演的角色。罗斯通过大片、小册子和那个时代的纪录片镜头恢复了68年5月的政治语言，揭示了最初的运动如何首先关注平等问题，获得了一段新的伪造历史，一段抹去了警察暴力和参与者死亡、将工人从画面中赶走的历史，并消除了反美、反帝国主义以及阿尔及利亚和越南影响的所有痕迹。考虑到一场新的反对全球资本主义的大规模政治运动的兴起，从法国的劳工罢工和反麦当劳抗议活动，到西雅图反对世界贸易组织的示威活动，“68年5月及其来世”特别及时。
During May 1968, students and workers in France united in the biggest strike and the largest mass movement in French history. Protesting capitalism, American imperialism and Gaullism, nine million people from all walks of life, from shipbuilders to department store clerks, stopped working. The nation was paralyzed - no sector of the workplace was unaffected; no region, city or village was untouched. Yet, just thirty years later, the mainstream image of May '68 in France has become that of a mellow youth revolt, a cultural transformation stripped of its violence and profound sociopolitical implications. Kristin Ross shows how the current memory of May '68 came to serve a political agenda antithetical to the movement's aspirations. She examines the roles played by sociologists, repentant ex-student leaders, and the mainstream media in giving what was a political event a predominantly cultural and ethical meaning. Recovering the political language of May '68 through the tracts, pamphlets and documentary film footage of the era, Ross reveals how the original movement, concerned above all with the question of equality, gained a new and counterfeit history, one that erased police violence and the deaths of participants, removed workers from the picture, and eliminated all traces of anti-Americanism, anti-imperialism and the influences of Algeria and Vietnam. "May '68 and Its Afterlives" is especially timely given the rise of a new mass political movement opposing global capitalism, from labour strikes and anti-McDonald's protests in France to the demonstrations against the World Trade Organization in Seattle.