TRANSLATING ECOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND POPULATION GENETICS RESEARCH TO MEET THE CHALLENGE OF TICK AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES IN NORTH AMERICA.
TRANSLATING ECOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND POPULATION GENETICS RESEARCH TO MEET THE CHALLENGE OF TICK AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES IN NORTH AMERICA.
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DOI：
10.1002/arch.21327
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Rodríguez-Vivas RI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Esteve-Gassent MD;Castro-Arellano I;Feria-Arroyo TP;Patino R;Li AY;Medina RF;de León AA;Rodríguez-Vivas RI
新出现和重新出现的蜱传疾病威胁着全球公共卫生以及家畜和野生动物的福祉。采用旨在减少蜱传疾病影响的进化生态学框架需要成为保护人类和动物种群战略的一部分。我们提出了一个审查蜱适应其环境的现有知识，以及全球变化可能对其在北美的地理分布产生的影响。环境压力将通过选择能够承受新的和不断变化的环境的基因型以及通过改变几个蜱虫种群的连接和隔离来影响蜱虫种群遗传学。美国南部和墨西哥大部分地区特别缺乏这些领域的研究，对这些疾病的生态学存在知识空白，包括几种蜱传病原体的储存宿主身份的空白。此外，人为改变景观可能影响蜱传疾病生态的方式仍有待充分了解。需要加强这些领域的知识，以实施有效和可持续的蜱虫综合管理战略。我们建议重新聚焦生态学研究，重点是基于代谢的方法，使一个整体的角度来解决整个病原体和主机组装。网络分析可用于开发涉及多宿主-病原体群落的机理模型。我们对蜱传疾病在其地理分布中的生态学的了解的增加将有助于设计有效的区域范围的蜱控制策略，旨在减少蜱传播的病原体的负担。
Emerging and re-emerging tick-borne diseases threaten public health and the wellbeing of domestic animals and wildlife globally. The adoption of an evolutionary ecology framework aimed to diminish the impact of tick-borne diseases needs to be part of strategies to protect human and animal populations. We present a review of current knowledge on the adaptation of ticks to their environment, and the impact that global change could have on their geographic distribution in North America. Environmental pressures will affect tick population genetics by selecting genotypes able to withstand new and changing environments and by altering the connectivity and isolation of several tick populations. Research in these areas is particularly lacking in the southern US and most of Mexico with knowledge gaps on the ecology of these diseases, including a void in the identity of reservoir hosts for several tick-borne pathogens. Additionally, the way in which anthropogenic changes to landscapes may influence tick-borne disease ecology remains to be fully understood. Enhanced knowledge in these areas is needed in order to implement effective and sustainable integrated tick management strategies. We propose to refocus ecology studies with emphasis on metacommunity-based approaches to enable a holistic perspective addressing whole pathogen and host assemblages. Network analyses could be used to develop mechanistic models involving multi host-pathogen communities. An increase in our understanding of the ecology of tick-borne diseases across their geographic distribution will aid in the design of effective area-wide tick control strategies aimed to diminish the burden of pathogens transmitted by ticks.