Getting ready to use control: Advances in the measurement of young children's use of proactive control.
Getting ready to use control: Advances in the measurement of young children's use of proactive control.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0175072
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Munakata Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doebel S;Barker JE;Chevalier N;Michaelson LE;Fisher AV;Munakata Y
执行功能的一个关键发展转变是其参与的时间动态：儿童从反应性地根据需要调用与任务相关的信息，转变为能够在预期即将到来的需求时主动保持信息。这种转变对于理解执行功能的个体差异和发展变化很重要;然而，针对其评估的方法是有限的。我们测试了Track-It（一种用于测量选择性持续注意力的范式）也指示主动控制的可能性。在这项任务中，儿童必须跟踪一个目标形状，因为它在移动的干扰物中不可预测地移动，并确定它在哪里消失，这可能需要主动维护有关目标或目标的信息。在两个实验中（5-6岁，NS = 33，64），儿童的跟踪性能，它预测跨两个既定的范式主动控制。这些发现表明Track-It测量儿童的主动控制。关于如何积极主动的控制和选择性的持续关注可能相关的理论可能性也进行了讨论。
A key developmental transition in executive function is in the temporal dynamics of its engagement: children shift from reactively calling to mind task-relevant information as needed, to being able to proactively maintain information across time in anticipation of upcoming demands. This transition is important for understanding individual differences and developmental changes in executive function; however, methods targeting its assessment are limited. We tested the possibility that Track-It, a paradigm developed to measure selective sustained attention, also indexes proactive control. In this task children must track a target shape as it moves unpredictably among moving distractors, and identify where it disappears, which may require proactively maintaining information about the target or goal. In two experiments (5–6 year-olds, Ns = 33, 64), children's performance on Track-It predicted proactive control across two established paradigms. These findings suggest Track-It measures proactive control in children. Theoretical possibilities regarding how proactive control and selective sustained attention may be related are also discussed.