Characteristics of cryogenic soils along a latitudinal transect in arctic Alaska
Characteristics of cryogenic soils along a latitudinal transect in arctic Alaska
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DOI：
10.1029/98jd02024
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发表时间：
1998-11
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Ping;J. Bockheim;J. Kimble;G. Michaelson;D. Walker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Ping;J. Bockheim;J. Kimble;G. Michaelson;D. Walker
在阿拉斯加北部，沿200公里的纬度梯度考察了北极冻土带土壤的形态、化学和物理性质，其中包括两个主要的地理省；北极海岸平原和北极山麓。年气温和降水量沿南北梯度增加。北极海岸平原的土壤支持潮湿、非酸性苔原植被，碳酸盐含量高。北极山麓的土壤在北部形成湿润的非酸性苔原，在南部形成湿润的酸性苔原。大多数北极苔原土壤的特点是质地中等，排水能力差，有机质含量高。沿样带由北向南，活性层基底饱和度由北向南降低，交换性铝由北向南增加。大多数土壤具有强烈的低温特征，包括弯曲和破碎的层，冰透镜，薄板结构，有机物质被冻搅入富含冰的上层永久冻土层。
The morphological, chemical, and physical properties of arctic tundra soils were examined along a 200-km latitudinal gradient in northern Alaska which includes two major physiographic provinces; the Arctic Coastal Plain and the Arctic Foothills. Annual air temperature and precipitation increase along the gradient from north to south. Soils on the Arctic Coastal Plain support wet, nonacidic tundra vegetation and have high carbonate contents. Soil on the Arctic Foothills support moist, nonacidic tundra in the northern part and moist acidic tundra in the southern part. Most arctic tundra soils are characterized by medium texture, poor drainage, and high organic matter content. From north to south along the transect, the base saturation of the active layer decreases and exchangeable aluminum increases from north to south. Most soils have strongly developed cryogenic features, including warped and broken horizons, ice lenses, thin platy structure, and organic matter frost-churned into the ice-rich upper permafrost horizons.