Working memory and executive function decline across normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.
Working memory and executive function decline across normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.
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DOI：
10.1155/2015/748212
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lagalwar S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirova AM;Bays RB;Lagalwar S
阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，其特征是情景记忆、工作记忆 (WM) 和执行功能缺陷。 AD 执行功能障碍的例子包括选择性差和注意力分散、干扰刺激抑制失败以及操作技能差。尽管疾病进展期间的偶发性缺陷已被广泛研究，并且是可能的 AD 诊断的基准，但最近的研究调查了轻度认知障碍 (MCI)（也称为 AD 临床前阶段）期间的 WM 和执行功能下降。 MCI是认知重构和代偿等神经可塑性仍然发生的关键时期；因此，认知疗法可能对降低 MCI 期间 AD 进展的可能性产生有益的影响。监测工作记忆和执行功能任务的表现以跟踪认知功能可能标志着从正常认知到 MCI 到 AD 的进展。本综述通过正常衰老、MCI 和 AD 跟踪 WM 下降，以突出区分这三个阶段的行为和神经学差异，以指导 MCI 诊断、认知治疗和 AD 预防的未来研究。
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease marked by deficits in episodic memory, working memory (WM), and executive function. Examples of executive dysfunction in AD include poor selective and divided attention, failed inhibition of interfering stimuli, and poor manipulation skills. Although episodic deficits during disease progression have been widely studied and are the benchmark of a probable AD diagnosis, more recent research has investigated WM and executive function decline during mild cognitive impairment (MCI), also referred to as the preclinical stage of AD. MCI is a critical period during which cognitive restructuring and neuroplasticity such as compensation still occur; therefore, cognitive therapies could have a beneficial effect on decreasing the likelihood of AD progression during MCI. Monitoring performance on working memory and executive function tasks to track cognitive function may signal progression from normal cognition to MCI to AD. The present review tracks WM decline through normal aging, MCI, and AD to highlight the behavioral and neurological differences that distinguish these three stages in an effort to guide future research on MCI diagnosis, cognitive therapy, and AD prevention.