The Beneficial Influence of Inattention on Visual Interference in Schizophrenia
The Beneficial Influence of Inattention on Visual Interference in Schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1037/neu0000280
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Christensen, Bruce K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brodeur, Mathieu B.;Kiang, Michael;Christensen, Bruce K.
目的：精神分裂症与空间注意力不集中有关。然而，尽管这种缺陷破坏了对目标信息的感知，但它可能有助于忽略无关的输入。本研究检验了视觉空间注意的事件相关脑电位(ERP)指数是否能预测精神分裂症患者对干扰的大脑反应的大小。方法：对16例精神分裂症患者和20例健康对照受试者进行事件相关电位的记录，这些受试者必须在复合字母刺激中指出目标E是全局的还是局部的。非目标可以与目标高度相似(即，由本地SS组成的全局E，反之亦然)，从而产生更多干扰，或者它可以不同(即，由本地HS组成的全局E，反之亦然)，并且产生较少的干扰。结果：两组患者的反应均因干扰而减慢。当目标是全局时，精神分裂症患者的P1电压幅度和刺激开始后300-500ms的ERP干扰效应的电压幅度显著小于健康受试者。在患者中，较大的P1波幅与更大的干扰效应以及更严重的注意力缺陷和概念混乱症状相关。因此，精神分裂症参与者对干扰表现出异常的事件相关电位，尽管行为表现正常。结论：总的来说，精神分裂症患者可能较少注意刺激；然而，这种损害对目标检测的影响被相对较大的对刺激的无关成分的不注意所补偿，这解释了为什么在行为水平上，他们不比健康参与者更受干扰的影响。
Objective: Schizophrenia is associated with poor spatial attention. However, although this deficit undermines the perception of target information, it may be helpful for ignoring irrelevant inputs. The present study examined whether event-related brain potential (ERP) indices of visual spatial attention predicted the magnitude of the brain response to interference in schizophrenia. Method: ERPs were recorded in 16 schizophrenia patients and 20 healthy control participants who had to indicate whether the target E was global or local in compound letter stimuli. The nontarget could be either highly similar to the target (i.e., a global E composed of local Ss and vice versa) and thus produce more interference, or it could be dissimilar (i.e., a global E composed of local Hs and vice versa) and generate less interference. Results: Both groups' responses were slowed by interference. Voltage amplitudes of the P1, and of ERP interference effects from 300-500 ms after stimulus onset, were significantly smaller in schizophrenia patients than in healthy participants when the target was global. In patients, larger P1 amplitudes were correlated with larger interference effects and with more severe symptoms of attentional deficits and conceptual disorganization. Schizophrenia participants thus exhibited abnormal ERPs to interference despite normal behavioral performance. Conclusions: Schizophrenia patients likely pay less attention to stimuli in general; however, the impact of this impairment on target detection is compensated by relatively greater inattention to irrelevant components of the stimuli, and this explains why they are not more influenced by interference than healthy participants at the behavioral level.