The origin, biology, and therapeutic potential of facultative adult hepatic progenitor cells.
The origin, biology, and therapeutic potential of facultative adult hepatic progenitor cells.
复制标题
辅助成人肝祖细胞的起源，生物学和治疗潜力。
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-416022-4.00010-x
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kaestner KH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shin S;Kaestner KH
肝脏在糖脂代谢、血浆蛋白合成以及外源物质和其他毒素的解毒中起着至关重要的作用。这一重要器官的慢性疾病是美国主要的死亡原因之一。在组织丢失后，肝脏质量可以通过两种机制恢复。在正常情况下，或在手术切除大量实质丢失后，肝质量通过肝细胞分裂来维持。慢性肝损伤后，或当肝细胞增殖受损时，兼性成体肝祖细胞(HPC)增殖并分化为肝细胞和胆管细胞(胆管上皮细胞)。由于其对肝脏再生的潜在贡献，HPC是细胞移植的有吸引力的候选细胞。然而，直到最近，缺乏高度特异的标记阻碍了更好地了解HPC的起源和生理的努力。细胞分离方法和遗传谱系追踪的最新进展使研究人员能够探索HPC生物学的多个方面。在本文中，我们描述了HPC的潜在来源，用于检测HPC的标志物，HPC对恢复的贡献，以及调节其生物学的信号通路。最后，我们对HPC及其衍生物的治疗潜力进行了研究。
The liver plays an essential role in glucose and lipid metabolism, synthesis of plasma proteins, and detoxification of xenobiotics and other toxins. Chronic disease of this important organ is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Following loss of tissue, liver mass can be restored by two mechanisms. Under normal conditions, or after massive loss of parenchyma by surgical resection, liver mass is maintained by division of hepatocytes. After chronic injury, or when proliferation of hepatocytes is impaired, facultative adult hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) proliferate and differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes (biliary epithelial cells). HPCs are attractive candidates for cell transplantation because of their potential contribution to liver regeneration. However, until recently, the lack of highly specific markers has hampered efforts to better understand the origin and physiology of HPCs. Recent advances in cell isolation methods and genetic lineage tracing have enabled investigators to explore multiple aspects of HPC biology. In this review, we describe the potential origins of HPCs, the markers used to detect them, the contribution of HPCs to recovery, and the signaling pathways that regulate their biology. We end with an examination of the therapeutic potential of HPCs and their derivatives.