Effects of stimulus repetition, duration, and rise time on startle blink and automatically elicited P300.
Effects of stimulus repetition, duration, and rise time on startle blink and automatically elicited P300.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1990.tb00383.x
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发表时间：
1990-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
L. Putnam;W. Roth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Putnam;W. Roth
突然发生的强烈听觉刺激不仅会引起惊恐眨眼，还会引起类似于经典 P300 的事件相关电位成分，即使受试者没有分配任务。为了更仔细地检查 P300 与惊吓的关系，我们在三种范式中记录了 16 名年轻人的事件相关电位和眨眼，这些范式旨在产生惊吓幅度的广泛变化：30 毫秒、105dBA 白噪声突发的习惯系列、呈现 3、10、30 或 90 毫秒 105dB 噪声突发的持续时间范式，以及改变上升/下降时间的上升时间范式（3、15、30 和 45 ms）110dBA、1000 Hz 突发音调。受试者接受每个范例的两次运行。只有在最终的持续时间和上升时间运行中，刺激才与任务明确相关；在这些跑步中，受试者在每个 8.4 秒刺激间隔的中间口头评价先前声音的干扰程度。尽管即使是最短暂的噪音爆发也会引起顶叶 P300 以及惊恐眨眼，但 P300 的表现并不像惊吓。 P300 比眨眼幅度更慢地适应，比眨眼、N110 和 P190 对持续噪声更敏感，最重要的是，没有表现出对这些措施所表现的刺激上升时间的敏感性。这些发现表明，自动引发的 P300 振幅不受与惊吓振幅相同的机制控制，而是表现得更像是一种防御反应。
Intense auditory stimuli of sudden onset evoke not only startle blinks but also an event-related potential component resembling classic P300, even when subjects have no assigned task. To more closely examine the relationship of this P300 to startle, event-related potentials and eyeblink were recorded from 16 young adults in three paradigms designed to produce wide variation in startle amplitude: an Habituation series of 30-ms, 105dBA white noise bursts, a Duration paradigm which presented 105dB noise bursts for 3, 10, 30, or 90 ms, and a Rise Time paradigm which varied the rise/fall times (3, 15, 30, and 45 ms) of 110dBA, 1000-Hz tone bursts. Subjects received two runs of each paradigm. Only on the final Duration and Rise Time runs were stimuli explicitly task relevant; on those runs subjects rated verbally, midway in each 8.4-s interstimulus interval, the disturbingness of the prior sound. Although even the briefest noise bursts evoked parietal P300 as well as startle blink, P300 did not behave like startle. P300 habituated more slowly than did blink amplitude, was more responsive to sustained noise than were blink, N110, and P190, and most importantly, did not show the sensitivity to stimulus rise time manifested by these measures. These findings suggest that the amplitude of automatically elicited P300 is not governed by the same mechanisms as startle amplitude, but behaves more like a defense response.