Socioeconomic inequalities in risk factors for non communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries: results from the World Health Survey
Socioeconomic inequalities in risk factors for non communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries: results from the World Health Survey
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-12-912
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发表时间：
2012-10-28
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Chatterji, Somnath
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hosseinpoor, Ahmad Reza;Bergen, Nicole;Chatterji, Somnath
背景：监测非传染性疾病风险因素患病率的不平等现象有助于为有效的干预措施提供信息和目标。目前的日常吸烟，水果和蔬菜消费量低，缺乏体育锻炼，以及大量的间歇性饮酒的患病率进行了量化和比较财富和教育水平在低收入和中等收入的国家groups.Methods：本研究包括来自232,056成人参与者在48个国家的自我报告的数据，来自2002-2004年世界卫生调查。数据按性别和低收入或中等收入国家状况分层。主要的结果测量的风险因素患病率报告的财富五分之一和五个层次的教育程度。社会经济不平等是用反映普遍率差异的不平等斜率指数和反映财富或教育两个极端占整个分布的普遍率的不平等相对指数来衡量的。数据进行了调整的混杂因素：性别，年龄，婚姻状况，居住区，和居住国。结果：吸烟和低水果和蔬菜消费量显着较高的社会经济地位较低的群体。在低收入国家组的男性中，与财富相关的绝对不平等最高（不平等斜率指数为23.0个百分点; 95%置信区间为19.6，26.4）。在整个教育分布中，水果和蔬菜消费量低的不平等斜率指数在两性和国家收入群体中均为8个百分点左右。缺乏身体活动在社会经济地位低的人群中不太普遍，特别是在低收入国家（相对不平等指数：（男性）0.46，95%置信区间0.33，0.64;（女性）0.52，95%置信区间0.42，0.65）。混合模式被发现大量drinking.Conclusions：非传染性疾病风险因素的患病率的分类分析表明，不同的模式和不同程度的社会经济不平等的低收入和中等收入的设置。干预措施的目标应是使高危人群获得持续的利益。
Background: Monitoring inequalities in non communicable disease risk factor prevalence can help to inform and target effective interventions. The prevalence of current daily smoking, low fruit and vegetable consumption, physical inactivity, and heavy episodic alcohol drinking were quantified and compared across wealth and education levels in low- and middle-income country groups.Methods: This study included self-reported data from 232,056 adult participants in 48 countries, derived from the 2002-2004 World Health Survey. Data were stratified by sex and low- or middle-income country status. The main outcome measurements were risk factor prevalence rates reported by wealth quintile and five levels of educational attainment. Socioeconomic inequalities were measured using the slope index of inequality, reflecting differences in prevalence rates, and the relative index of inequality, reflecting the prevalence ratio between the two extremes of wealth or education accounting for the entire distribution. Data were adjusted for confounding factors: sex, age, marital status, area of residence, and country of residence.Results: Smoking and low fruit and vegetable consumption were significantly higher among lower socioeconomic groups. The highest wealth-related absolute inequality was seen in smoking among men of low-income country group (slope index of inequality 23.0 percentage points; 95% confidence interval 19.6, 26.4). The slope index of inequality for low fruit and vegetable consumption across the entire distribution of education was around 8 percentage points in both sexes and both country income groups. Physical inactivity was less prevalent in populations of low socioeconomic status, especially in low-income countries (relative index of inequality: (men) 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.33, 0.64; (women) 0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.42, 0.65). Mixed patterns were found for heavy drinking.Conclusions: Disaggregated analysis of the prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors demonstrated different patterns and varying degrees of socioeconomic inequalities across low- and middle-income settings. Interventions should aim to reach and achieve sustained benefits for high-risk populations.