Selecting a Biased-Coin Design
Selecting a Biased-Coin Design
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DOI：
10.1214/13-sts449
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Atkinson, Anthony C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Atkinson, Anthony C.
有偏硬币设计用于临床试验，以在保持近似相等分配的同时具有一定随机性地分配治疗。最近的规则与埃夫隆的[生物统计学58（1971）403-417]有偏硬币规则进行了比较，并扩展到允许平衡协变量。主要的特性是信息的损失，由于不平衡和选择偏差。理论结果，大部分是大样本，组装和小样本模拟评估。规则的属性分为三个明确的类别。贝叶斯规则具有吸引人的属性，在轻微的不平衡的成本，偏差几乎消除了大样本。
Biased-coin designs are used in clinical trials to allocate treatments with some randomness while maintaining approximately equal allocation. More recent rules are compared with Efron's [Biometrika 58 (1971) 403-417] biased-coin rule and extended to allow balance over covariates. The main properties are loss of information, due to imbalance, and selection bias. Theoretical results, mostly large sample, are assembled and assessed by small-sample simulations. The properties of the rules fall into three clear categories. A Bayesian rule is shown to have appealing properties; at the cost of slight imbalance, bias is virtually eliminated for large samples.