Reciprocal Effects Between Job Stressors and Burnout: A Continuous Time Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies
Reciprocal Effects Between Job Stressors and Burnout: A Continuous Time Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies
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DOI：
10.1037/bul0000304
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
Voelkle, Manuel C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guthier, Christina;Dormann, Christian;Voelkle, Manuel C.
纵向研究的结果是模糊的方向之间的影响工作压力源和倦怠随着时间的推移。我们在k = 48个纵向研究（N = 26，319）中对工作压力源和倦怠之间可能的相互关系进行了荟萃分析，通过使用连续时间荟萃分析来解释主要研究中的时间间隔变化。此外，我们还分析了国家层面的工作资源（工作控制和工作支持; k = 31项欧洲研究，N = 17，747）是否会调节工作压力源对倦怠的影响（压力源效应）和倦怠对工作压力源的影响（应变效应）。此外，我们通过评估研究间异质性、发表偏倚和统计功效分析了主要研究的可重复性。工作压力源与工作倦怠之间存在交互作用。压力源效应较小，而应变效应较大，并受到工作控制和工作支持的调节。对不同的倦怠症状（情绪性）耗竭和去人格化/犬儒主义的分析表明，情绪耗竭与工作压力源之间存在交互关系，但去人格化/犬儒主义与工作压力源之间没有直接关系。研究间异质性与其他心理学研究相当，而主要研究的统计功效相对较大。结论是有限的，因为很少有主要研究使用的时间间隔小于12个月，两个以上的测量场合，和客观的措施的压力。总体而言，结果意味着需要扩展的工作压力模型和新的工作压力干预措施，帮助员工科普倦怠症状。
Results from longitudinal studies are ambiguous regarding the direction of effects between job stressors and burnout over time. We meta-analyzed possible reciprocal relations between job stressors and burnout in k = 48 longitudinal studies (N = 26,319), accounting for variation of time intervals in primary studies by using continuous time meta-analysis. Additionally, we analyzed whether country-level job resources (job control and job support; k = 31 European studies, N = 17,747) moderated the effect of job stressors on burnout (stressor-effect) and the effect of burnout on job stressors (strain-effect). Further, we analyzed the replicability of the primary studies by assessing between-study heterogeneity, publication bias, and statistical power. Reciprocal effects between job stressors and burnout exist. The stressor-effect is small, whereas the strain-effect is larger and moderated by job control and job support. Analyses of the different burnout symptoms (emotional) exhaustion and depersonalization/cynicism demonstrated that reciprocal relations between emotional exhaustion and job stressors exist, but depersonalization/cynicism is not directly related to job stressors. Between-study heterogeneity was comparable with other psychological studies, whereas statistical power of primary studies was comparatively large. Conclusions are limited because few primary studies used time intervals of less than 12 months, more than two measurement occasions, and objective measures of stressors. Overall, results imply the need for extended job stress models and new job stress interventions that help employees cope with burnout symptoms.