Prosody–Syntax Interaction in the Expression of Focus
Prosody–Syntax Interaction in the Expression of Focus
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11049-004-2874-7
复制
发表时间：
2005-08
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
V. Samek-Lodovici
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Samek-Lodovici
对韵律和句法良构的限制是相互冲突的。这一点在表达新信息焦点时尤为明显，主重音的最佳韵律位置并不一定与焦点成分的最佳句法位置相匹配。由于焦点必须被强调，无论是强调或重点成分必须放弃他们的最佳位置，违反了句法或韵律的约束负责it.This本文主张的优选理论分析这一冲突，显示不同的焦点范式如何反映不同的排名相关的句法和韵律的约束。正如我们将看到的那样，只有一种最优性分析才能解释意大利语焦点的范式，同时保持过去20年韵律研究中出现的那种主重音韵律理论。此外，分析自然延伸到英语，法语和齐切瓦语的焦点范式，不需要特定语言的参数设备。韵律和句法约束的冲突性质决定了一个复杂的跨语言类型学从一个单一的一套通用的约束接口条件保持在绝对最低限度。
Constraints on prosodic and syntactic well-formedness conflict with each other. This is particularly evident in the expression of new information focus, where the best prosodic position for main stress does not necessarily match the best syntactic position for the constituent being focused. Since focus must be stressed, either stress or the focused constituent must abandon their best position, violating either the syntactic or the prosodic constraints responsible for it. This paper argues for an optimality theoretic analysis of this conflict, showing how different focus paradigms reflect different rankings of the relevant syntactic and prosodic constraints. As we will see, only an optimality analysis can account for the paradigm of Italian focus while maintaining the kind of prosodic theory of main stress emerged from prosodic studies in the last two decades. Furthermore, the analysis extends naturally to focus paradigms in English, French, and Chichewa with no need for language-specific parametric devices. The conflicting nature of prosodic and syntactic constraints determines a complex crosslinguistic typology from a single set of universal constraints with interface conditions kept to an absolute minimum.