Effect of land-based and water-based fitness programs on the cardiovascular fitness, strength and flexibility of women aged 65-75 years.
Effect of land-based and water-based fitness programs on the cardiovascular fitness, strength and flexibility of women aged 65-75 years.
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陆上和水上健身项目对 65-75 岁女性心血管健康、力量和灵活性的影响。
DOI：
10.1159/000213794
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
B. Lauridsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. E. Taunton;E. Rhodes;L. Wolski;M. Donelly;J. Warren;J. Elliot;L. McFarlane;J. Leslie;J. Mitchell;B. Lauridsen
本研究的目的是确定与陆基运动计划（LBE）相比，广义水上运动计划（WBE）在改善70 +/- 3.2岁（平均值+/- SD）老年女性的心肺适能、身体组成、躯干前屈和力量测量方面的有效性。41名健康、久坐不动的女性被选入这项研究，并被随机分配到LBE或WBE组。两组运动12周，每周3次，每次45 min。体能测试在训练前、训练中和训练后进行，包括测量峰值有氧功率（VO 2峰值）、躯干前屈、皮褶总和、握力、蜷缩和俯卧撑。两组训练前后的VO 2峰值均有显著性改善（p < 0.05），组间无显著性差异（p > 0.05）。LBE组在卷曲次数上也有显著改善（p < 0.05）。在组内或组间，随着时间的推移，在训练前后进行的测试之间，躯干前屈、总（右加左）握力、俯卧撑、腰臀比、皮褶总和或体重指数没有显著差异（p > 0.05）。结果表明，一般运动干预导致心血管健康（两组）和腹部耐力（仅在LBE中）的改善，但所使用的两个运动计划不够具体或不够长，无法改善肌肉力量，灵活性或身体成分。此外，除了腹部耐力的变化外，运动场地的类型（陆地与水上）对所获得的结果没有显着影响。
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a generalized water-based exercise program (WBE) compared to a land-based exercise program (LBE) on improving cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, forward trunk flexion and strength measurements of elderly women aged 70 +/- 3.2 years (mean +/- SD). Forty-one healthy, sedentary women were selected to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to the LBE or WBE. The 2 groups exercised for 12 weeks, 3 times/week for 45 min. Fitness testing was done before, during and after training, and included measurements of peak aerobic power (VO2 peak), forward trunk flexion, sum of skinfolds, grip strength, curl-ups and push-ups. Between the tests performed before and after training, there were significant improvements in VO2 peak in both groups (p < 0.05) with no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). The LBE group also showed a significant improvement in the total number of curl-ups performed (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in trunk forward flexion, total (right plus left) grip strength, push-ups, waist to hip ratio, sum of skinfolds or body mass index between the tests performed before and after training over time within groups or between groups (p > 0.05). The results show that general exercise interventions resulted in improvements in cardiovascular fitness (for both groups) and abdominal endurance (in the LBE only), but the two exercise programs used were not specific enough or long enough to cause improvements in muscular strength, flexibility or body composition. Furthermore, except for changes in abdominal endurance, the type of exercise venue (land vs. water) did not have a significant effect on the results obtained.