Rapid assessment of choice between cocaine and food in rhesus monkeys:: Effects of environmental manipulations and treatment with d-amphetamine and flupenthixol
Rapid assessment of choice between cocaine and food in rhesus monkeys:: Effects of environmental manipulations and treatment with d-amphetamine and flupenthixol
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.npp.1300096
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发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Negus, SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Negus, SS
本研究描述了一个程序，允许快速评估环境和药理学因素，可能会影响可卡因和食物之间的选择，恒河猴。每天2小时的会议分为五个组成部分。在每个组成部分中，猴（N = 4）在静脉注射可卡因（0-0.1 mg/kg/注射）和食物（0、1或3个食物颗粒）之间进行选择。在每个组成部分中，最多可使用10个识别器，并且不同的辨别刺激与每个识别器的每个幅度相关联。可卡因的选择与可卡因剂量直接相关，并且可以在单个实验会话中确定可卡因选择剂量-效应曲线。可卡因和食物之间的选择受到可卡因和食物强化的时间表，食物强化剂的大小，以及实验会话之外提供的非偶然食物的量的影响。这些结果证实并扩展了以前的研究结果与其他选择程序，并验证了本程序对环境操作的敏感性。可卡因和食物之间的选择也可能受到可卡因滥用和依赖的候选药物治疗的影响。“激动剂”药物d-苯丙胺在可卡因选择剂量-效应曲线中产生了显著变化，并减少了可卡因的选择，而“拮抗剂”药物氟哌噻吨对可卡因的选择几乎没有影响。总体而言，这些结果表明，这种选择程序可能是有用的可卡因使用和候选药物治疗可卡因滥用的环境决定因素的评价。
The present study describes a procedure that permits rapid assessment of environmental and pharmacological factors that may influence the choice between cocaine and food in rhesus monkeys. Daily 2 h sessions were divided into five components. During each component, monkeys (N = 4) chose between i.v. cocaine (0-0.1 mg/kg/injection) and food (0, 1, or 3 food pellets). Up to 10 reinforcers were available during each component, and different discriminative stimuli were associated with each magnitude of each reinforcer. Cocaine choice was directly related to cocaine dose, and a cocaine choice dose-effect curve could be determined in a single experimental session. The choice between cocaine and food was influenced by the schedules of cocaine and food reinforcement, the magnitude of the food reinforcer, and the amount of noncontingent food provided outside the experimental session. These results confirm and extend previous findings with other choice procedures and validate the sensitivity of the present procedure to environmental manipulations. The choice between cocaine and food could also be influenced by treatment with candidate pharmacotherapies for cocaine abuse and dependence. The 'agonist' medication d-amphetamine produced rightward shifts in the cocaine choice dose-effect curve and decreased cocaine choice, whereas the 'antagonist' medication flupenthixol had little effect on cocaine choice. Overall, these results suggest that this choice procedure may be useful for the evaluation of both environmental determinants of cocaine use and candidate pharmacotherapies for the treatment of cocaine abuse.