Early diet in preterm babies and developmental status in infancy.
Early diet in preterm babies and developmental status in infancy.
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早产儿的早期饮食和婴儿期的发育状况。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
J. Dossetor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Lucas;R. Morley;T. Cole;S. Gore;J. Davis;M. Bamford;J. Dossetor
来自随机前瞻性研究的数据很少涉及早期饮食是否会影响人类后来的神经发育。作为一项更大的多中心试验的一部分，502名低出生体重儿被随机分配，中位数为30天，接受早产配方奶粉或非强化供体母乳作为唯一饮食或作为其母亲表达的母乳的补充剂。存活的婴儿在预期分娩日期后九个月进行评估，而不知道他们的喂养方案。喂食供体母乳的婴儿的平均发育商数比喂食早产婴儿奶粉的婴儿低0.25标准差。然而，在喂食母亲奶粉的婴儿中，与补充早产配方奶粉相比，接受库奶的劣势更大，当补充量超过总摄入量的一半时，接近5分，代表着发育商的0.5标准偏差。喂养供体母乳的婴儿在胎儿生长迟缓后处于特别不利的地位，发育商数低5.3个百分点。我们认为，低出生体重儿所使用的饮食在出生后一段短暂但可能是关键的时期会产生持续到婴儿期的发育后果；小于胎龄的婴儿尤其容易受到出生后营养不良的影响。
Few data from randomised prospective studies address whether early diet influences later neurodevelopment in man. As part of a larger multicentre trial, 502 low birthweight infants were assigned randomly, for a median of 30 days, to receive a preterm formula or unfortified donor breast milk as sole diets or as supplements to their mothers' expressed milk. Surviving infants were assessed at nine months after their expected date of delivery without knowledge of their feeding regimen. The mean developmental quotient was 0.25 standard deviations lower in those fed donor breast milk rather than preterm formula. In infants fed their mother's expressed milk, however, the disadvantage of receiving banked milk compared with preterm formula as a supplement, was greater when the supplement was over half the total intake, and approached five points, representing 0.5 standard deviations for developmental quotient. Infants fed donor breast milk were at particular disadvantage following fetal growth retardation, with developmental quotients 5.3 points lower. We suggest that the diet used for low birthweight babies over a brief, but perhaps critical, postnatal period has developmental consequences that persist into infancy; infants who are small for gestational age are especially vulnerable to suboptimal postnatal nutrition.