Circadian Regulation of Light-Evoked Attraction and Avoidance Behaviors in Daytime-versus Nighttime-Biting Mosquitoes
Circadian Regulation of Light-Evoked Attraction and Avoidance Behaviors in Daytime-versus Nighttime-Biting Mosquitoes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.010
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发表时间：
2020-08-17
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Holmes, Todd C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baik, Lisa S.;Nave, Ceazar;Holmes, Todd C.
蚊子作为疾病媒介对人类和其他动物构成广泛的威胁[1]。白天与夜间叮咬的蚊子占据不同的时间一天的小生境[2，3]。在这里，我们探讨白天与夜间叮咬的雌性和雄性蚊子的先天时间吸引/回避行为的光反应和昼夜节律电路和分子机制的调节。白天叮咬的蚊子埃及伊蚊，特别是雌性，在白天被光吸引，而不管光谱如何。相比之下，夜间叮咬的蚊子，Anopheles coluzzii，在白天特别避免紫外线（UV）和蓝光。行为吸引/避免在这两个物种的光随时间的变化，并显示出明显的性别和昼夜神经回路的差异。男性的白天和夜间蚊子物种显示减少UV光回避预期晚上发病相对于女性。昼夜/白天和夜间/夜间叮咬的蚊子的昼夜神经回路的周期（PER）和色素分散因子（PDF）的表达的基础上显示出相似的，但不同的电路组织物种之间。昼夜行为的基础是由分子钟计时驱动的，分子钟计时在白天与夜间叮咬的蚊子之间反相循环。在神经回路和蛋白质水平上观察到的差异提供了对昼夜性与非昼夜性的根本基础的深入了解。生物钟的分子干扰严重干扰了蚊子的光诱导吸引/回避行为。总之，吸引/回避行为显示白天与夜间叮咬蚊子之间的显著差异，但这两类蚊子都是昼夜节律和光调节的，这可以应用于有害蚊子的物种特异性控制。
Mosquitoes pose widespread threats to humans and other animals as disease vectors [1]. Day- versus night-biting mosquitoes occupy distinct time-of-day niches [2, 3]. Here, we explore day- versus night-biting female and male mosquitoes' innate temporal attraction/avoidance behavioral responses to light and their regulation by circadian circuit and molecular mechanisms. Day-biting mosquitoes Aedes aegypti, particularly females, are attracted to light during the day regardless of spectra. In contrast, night-biting mosquitoes, Anopheles coluzzii, specifically avoid ultraviolet (UV) and blue light during the day. Behavioral attraction to/avoidance of light in both species change with time of day and show distinct sex and circadian neural circuit differences. Males of both diurnal and nocturnal mosquito species show reduced UV light avoidance in anticipation of evening onset relative to females. The circadian neural circuits of diurnal/day- and nocturnal/night-biting mosquitoes based on PERIOD (PER) and pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) expression show similar but distinct circuit organizations between species. The basis of diurnal versus nocturnal behaviors is driven by molecular clock timing, which cycles in anti-phase between day- versus night-biting mosquitoes. Observed differences at the neural circuit and protein levels provide insight into the fundamental basis underlying diurnality versus nocturnality. Molecular disruption of the circadian clock severely interferes with light-evoked attraction/avoidance behaviors in mosquitoes. In summary, attraction/avoidance behaviors show marked differences between day- versus night-biting mosquitoes, but both classes of mosquitoes are circadian and light regulated, which may be applied toward species-specific control of harmful mosquitoes.