Sleep can reduce proactive interference
Sleep can reduce proactive interference
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/09658211.2013.785570
复制
发表时间：
2014-05-19
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Baeuml, Karl-Heinz T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abel, Magdalena;Baeuml, Karl-Heinz T.
人们一再将睡眠与记忆巩固过程联系起来。虽然大量的研究确实证明了睡眠对记忆的有益影响，但我们对睡眠对情景记忆的干扰作用知之甚少。虽然之前的两项研究报告睡眠可以减少回溯性干扰，但之前没有发现睡眠对主动干扰有影响。在这里，我们采用了一种不同于先前研究的研究格式来诱导高度的主动干扰，并要求参与者通过纯粹的研究周期来编码配对伙伴的单个列表或两个干扰列表。测试在12小时的白天清醒或夜间睡眠后进行。与之前的工作一致，我们发现睡眠与清醒相比并不影响对单个列表的记忆，但减少了追溯干扰。此外，我们发现睡眠减少了主动干扰，并在相同程度上减少了追溯和主动干扰。这一发现与之前的观点一致，即睡眠带来的好处是由睡眠期间记忆内容的重新激活引起的，这被认为是为了加强和稳定记忆。这种稳定性可能使记忆在测试中不易受到干扰记忆的竞争，从而减少干扰效应。
Sleep has repeatedly been connected to processes of memory consolidation. While extensive research indeed documents beneficial effects of sleep on memory, little is yet known about the role of sleep for interference effects in episodic memory. Although two prior studies reported sleep to reduce retroactive interference, no sleep effect has previously been found for proactive interference. Here we applied a study format differing from that employed by the prior studies to induce a high degree of proactive interference, and asked participants to encode a single list or two interfering lists of paired associates via pure study cycles. Testing occurred after 12 hours of diurnal wakefulness or nocturnal sleep. Consistent with the prior work, we found sleep in comparison to wake did not affect memory for the single list, but reduced retroactive interference. In addition we found sleep reduced proactive interference, and reduced retroactive and proactive interference to the same extent. The finding is consistent with the view that arising benefits of sleep are caused by the reactivation of memory contents during sleep, which has been suggested to strengthen and stabilise memories. Such stabilisation may make memories less susceptible to competition from interfering memories at test and thus reduce interference effects.