High-affinity Dkk1 receptor Kremen1 is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis.

High-affinity Dkk1 receptor Kremen1 is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0052190
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Burns RC
Burns RC
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mishra SK;Funair L;Cressley A;Gittes GK;Burns RC

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Kremens 是 Dickkopf 1 (Dkk1) 的高亲和力受体,通过下调低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白 6 (LRP6) 来调节 Wnt/β-catenin 信号通路。 Dkk1 与 Wnt 竞争结合 LRP6; Dkk1 的结合通过与 Kremen 形成三元复合物来抑制经典信号传导。大多数下调的网格蛋白介导的内吞受体包含识别酪氨酸或双亮氨酸分选基序的短保守区域。在这项研究中,我们发现 Kremen1 以网格蛋白依赖性方式从细胞表面内化。 Kremen1 包含一个非典型二亮氨酸基序,序列为 DXXXLV。该基序中 LV 突变为 AA 阻断了 Kremen1 内化;正如之前针对其他蛋白质所报道的,Kremen1 中的天冬氨酸残基并不重要。接头蛋白 2 (AP-2) 表达的抑制或 Pitstop 2 对网格蛋白的抑制也可阻断 Kremen1 内化。 Kremen1 中鉴定的新氨基酸序列与先前在水螅、酵母和其他已知从跨高尔基体网络向内体区室发出信号的生物体中鉴定的基序相似。
Kremens are high-affinity receptors for Dickkopf 1 (Dkk1) and regulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by down-regulating the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6). Dkk1 competes with Wnt for binding to LRP6; binding of Dkk1 inhibits canonical signaling through formation of a ternary complex with Kremen. The majority of down-regulated clathrin-mediated endocytic receptors contain short conserved regions that recognize tyrosine or dileucine sorting motifs. In this study, we found that Kremen1 is internalized from the cell surface in a clathrin-dependent manner. Kremen1 contains an atypical dileucine motif with the sequence DXXXLV. Mutation of LV to AA in this motif blocked Kremen1 internalization; as reported previously for other proteins, the aspartic acid residue in Kremen1 is not critical. Inhibition of expression of the adaptor protein 2 (AP-2) or inhibition of clathrin by pitstop 2 also blocked Kremen1 internalization. The novel amino acid sequence identified in Kremen1 is similar to the motif previously identified in hydra, yeast, and other organisms known to signal from the trans-Golgi network to the endosomal compartment.
突变动力蛋白的诱导特异性阻断内吞涂层囊泡的形成。
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