Molecular phylogeny of kinorhynchs.
Molecular phylogeny of kinorhynchs.
复制标题
动喙的分子系统发育。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2013.02.016
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kajihara;H.
利用最大似然分析和贝叶斯分析方法，对该门13属（18S） 30种和12属（28S） 23种的核18S和28S rRNA序列进行了重构，分别代表了8科（环食目和同食目）。我们分别分析了两个基因（18S和28S数据集）和组合分析（18S+28S数据集）。我们检测到四个主要分支（I-IV）。进化支I由棘足动物科组成。第二支系有棘足螨科、舌足螨科、棘足螨科、棘足螨科的代表，后两种属棘足螨科；在II支系中，zelinkadeidae、瓢虫ae和Semnoderidae组成了一个具有强大节点支持的支系。演化枝III在弯曲动物中仅包含2种，目前也被归为弯曲动物科，表明该科存在多聚性。在28S和18S+28S树中，包含了除Dracoderes abei外的所有Cyclorhagida的代表枝I-III，形成了一个高节点支持的枝。进化枝IV在18S和18S+28S高节点支持树中分解，除环状食龙目外，只包含Homalorhagida目物种。因此，目前所处的环食目是多系的，而同食目是副系的。我们的结果表明，基于同源性特征，龙蝇科在环蝇科中存在错位。我们的分析没有解决旋藻门I-III支之间的关系。无论是单独的基因还是组合的数据集都不能解决树中的所有节点，这表明需要额外的标记来重建kinorhynch系统发育。
We reconstructed kinorhynch phylogeny using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses of nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA gene sequences from 30 species in 13 genera (18S) and 23 species in 12 genera (28S), representing eight families and both orders (Cyclorhagida and Homalorhagida) currently recognized in the phylum. We analyzed the two genes individually (18S and 28S datasets) and in combination (18S+28S dataset). We detected four main clades (I–IV). Clade I consisted of family Echinoderidae. Clade II contained representatives of Zelinkaderidae, Antygomonidae, Semnoderidae, Centroderes, and Condyloderes, the latter two currently classified in Centroderidae; within Clade II, Zelinkaderidae, Antygomonidae, and Semnoderidae comprised a clade with strong nodal support. Clade III contained only two species in Campyloderes, also currently classified in the Centroderidae, indicating polyphyly for this family. Clades I–III, containing all representatives of Cyclorhagida included in the analysis except for Dracoderes abei, formed a clade with high nodal support in the 28S and 18S+28S trees. Clade IV, resolved in the 18S and 18S+28S trees with high nodal support, contained only species in order Homalorhagida, with the exception of the cyclorhagid Dracoderes abei. Order Cyclorhagida as it currently stands is thus polyphyletic, and order Homalorhagida paraphyletic. Our results indicate that Dracoderidae has been misplaced in Cyclorhagida based on homoplasious characters. Our analyses did not resolve the relationships among Clades I–III within Cyclorhagida. Neither gene alone nor the combined dataset resolved all nodes in trees, indicating that additional markers will be needed to reconstruct kinorhynch phylogeny.