Extreme and Highly Heterogeneous Microclimates in Selectively Logged Tropical Forests
Extreme and Highly Heterogeneous Microclimates in Selectively Logged Tropical Forests
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DOI：
10.3389/ffgc.2018.00005
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发表时间：
2018-10-26
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Svatek, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blonder, Benjamin;Both, Sabine;Svatek, Martin
森林内的小气候影响生态系统通量和人口比率。人为干扰，如选择性采伐，可通过对森林结构的影响影响森林内的小气候，导致对森林的间接影响，而不仅仅是采伐的直接影响。然而，人们对这些影响的范围和可预测性仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们使用了一个小气候热量指标(对辐射、对流和传导热通量敏感)，在马来西亚婆罗洲的三个1公顷林地中测量到的辐射、对流和传导热通量。我们的研究表明：(1)老树和伐木茂密的森林之间的热替代范围和时空异质性增加了一倍，极值通常超过45摄氏度；(2)附近气象站的气温提供了最大热替代值的估计，其偏差为5-10摄氏度；(3)较低的郁闭度、较高的郁闭度和较高的生物量移除与较高的最高温度相关。因此，与老树林相比，伐木林对区域气候变化的缓冲作用较小，并且经历了更高的小气候极端和异质性。更好地预测区域气候及其对森林内小气候的影响之间的联系，对于了解热带森林所经历的各种情况至关重要。
Microclimate within forests influences ecosystem fluxes and demographic rates. Anthropogenic disturbances, such as selective logging can affect within-forest microclimate through effects on forest structure, leading to indirect effects on forests beyond the immediate impact of logging. However, the scope and predictability of these effects remains poorly understood. Here we use a microclimate thermal proxy (sensitive to radiative, convective, and conductive heat fluxes) measured at the forest floor in three 1-ha forest plots spanning a logging intensity gradient in Malaysian Borneo. We show (1) that thermal proxy ranges and spatiotemporal heterogeneity are doubled between old growth and heavily logged forests, with extremes often exceeding 45 degrees C, (2) that nearby weather station air temperatures provide estimates of maximum thermal proxy values that are biased down by 5-10 degrees C, and (3) that lower canopy density, higher canopy height, and higher biomass removal are associated with higher maximum temperatures. Thus, logged forests are less buffered from regional climate change than old growth forests, and experience much higher microclimate extremes and heterogeneity. Better predicting the linkages between regional climate and its effects on within-forest microclimate will be critical for understanding the wide range of conditions experienced within tropical forests.